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関連する概念動画

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

7.0K
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
7.0K
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

26.4K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
26.4K
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

17.0K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
17.0K
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

6.2K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
6.2K
Bacterial Transcription01:53

Bacterial Transcription

29.3K
RNA polymerase (RNAP) carries out DNA-dependent RNA synthesis in both bacteria and eukaryotes. Bacteria do not have a membrane-bound nucleus. So, transcription and translation occur simultaneously, on the same DNA template.
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
29.3K
Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

8.5K
Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Sep 8, 2025

Enhanced Crosslinking Immunoprecipitation eCLIP Method for Efficient Identification of Protein-bound RNA in Mouse Testis
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Enhanced Crosslinking Immunoprecipitation eCLIP Method for Efficient Identification of Protein-bound RNA in Mouse Testis

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標的RNA認識は,トランポゾン静音化のためのPIWI複合組成を駆動する.

Júlia Portell-Montserrat1, Laszlo Tirian2, Changwei Yu2

  • 1Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Campus Vienna BioCenter, 1030 Vienna, Austria; Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Molecular cell
|September 5, 2025
PubMed
まとめ

PIWI相互作用RNA (piRNA) とPIWIタンパク質は,PIWI*複合体を形成することによってトランポゾンを静止させます. これらの複合体は下流エフェクターの採用のプラットフォームとして機能し,ゲノムの完全性を保証します.

キーワード:
アルゴナウトのタンパク質ドロソフィラPIWI-piRNA経路について細菌系生物学ヘテロクロマチン生物学piRNAバイオゲネシスタンパク質構造の予測小型RNA経路トランポゾンサイレンス

さらに関連する動画

PAR-CliP - A Method to Identify Transcriptome-wide the Binding Sites of RNA Binding Proteins
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PAR-CliP - A Method to Identify Transcriptome-wide the Binding Sites of RNA Binding Proteins

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Identification of Footprints of RNA:Protein Complexes via RNA Immunoprecipitation in Tandem Followed by Sequencing RIPiT-Seq
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Identification of Footprints of RNA:Protein Complexes via RNA Immunoprecipitation in Tandem Followed by Sequencing RIPiT-Seq

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Sep 8, 2025

Enhanced Crosslinking Immunoprecipitation eCLIP Method for Efficient Identification of Protein-bound RNA in Mouse Testis
10:31

Enhanced Crosslinking Immunoprecipitation eCLIP Method for Efficient Identification of Protein-bound RNA in Mouse Testis

Published on: May 10, 2019

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PAR-CliP - A Method to Identify Transcriptome-wide the Binding Sites of RNA Binding Proteins
12:24

PAR-CliP - A Method to Identify Transcriptome-wide the Binding Sites of RNA Binding Proteins

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Identification of Footprints of RNA:Protein Complexes via RNA Immunoprecipitation in Tandem Followed by Sequencing RIPiT-Seq
09:26

Identification of Footprints of RNA:Protein Complexes via RNA Immunoprecipitation in Tandem Followed by Sequencing RIPiT-Seq

Published on: July 10, 2019

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科学分野:

  • 分子生物学
  • 遺伝学
  • エピジェネティクス

背景:

  • PIWIタンパク質とpiRNAは,移植可能な要素を静止することによって,ゲノムの安定性に不可欠です.
  • 静止は,ヘテロクロマチン形成とRNA分裂を含む異なる核と細胞質経路を経由して発生する.

研究 の 目的:

  • PIWI媒介による静音化におけるエフェクター募集のメカニズムを解明する.
  • PIWI-piRNAによる標的認識に関与する分子複合体を特定する.

主な方法:

  • タンパク質とRNAの相互作用の生化学分析
  • ドロソフィラ・メラノガスターの体内研究
  • 進化の比較分析について

主要な成果:

  • PIWI-piRNA複合体による標的の誘導は,GTSFタンパク質とMaelstromを含むPIWI*複合体を形成する.
  • 核PIWI*複合体は,ヘテロクロマチン形成のためにSFiNXを勧誘する.
  • サイトプラズミック・オーバーギン*複合体は,ピRNA増幅のためにSpindle-Eを募集する.

結論:

  • PIWI*コンプレックスは,ターゲット認識とエフェクタリークルーティングを結びつける保存された分子プラットフォームとして機能します.
  • このメカニズムは,PIWI媒介によるセルラーコンパートメントの静音化のための統一原理を提供します.
  • ゲノム防衛のための保存された古代のメカニズムを特定します.