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Social Exchange Theory02:06

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We have discussed why we form relationships, what attracts us to others, and different types of love. But what determines whether we are satisfied with and stay in a relationship? One theory that provides an explanation is social exchange theory. According to social exchange theory, we act as naïve economists in keeping a tally of the ratio of costs and benefits of forming and maintaining a relationship with others (Rusbult & Van Lange, 2003).
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The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison02:57

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According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
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Social Traps01:41

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Social traps are negative situations where people get caught in a direction or relationship that later proves to be unpleasant, with no easy way to back out of or avoid. The concept was orignally introduced by John Platt who applied psychology to Garrett Hardin's "Tragedy of the Commons", where in New England herd owners could let their cattle graze in the common ground. This situation seems like a good idea, but an individual could have an advantage. If they owned...
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Social Scripts02:10

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People tend to know what behavior is expected of them in specific, familiar settings. A script is a person’s knowledge about the sequence of events expected in a specific setting (Schank & Abelson, 1977). Essentially, scripts are a particular kind of schema, one containing default values for the features within an event. In the restaurant example, the script's features include the props (e.g., tables, menu, food, and money), the roles to be played (e.g., customer and waiter),...
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The Stanford Prison Experiment03:20

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The famous and controversial Stanford Prison Experiment, conducted by social psychologist Philip Zimbardo and his colleagues at Stanford University, demonstrated the power of social roles, social norms, and scripts.
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Horney's Sociocultural Approach01:27

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Karen Horney's psychoanalytic theories emphasize the potential for self-realization and the importance of addressing social and cultural, rather than biological, factors in personality development. She challenged traditional Freudian views, particularly Freud's concept of "penis envy," which she argued stemmed from cultural influences rather than inherent biological differences. Horney believed that any sense of inferiority in women was a result of societal conditioning, such as...
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社会的問題

Juliano Fiori1

  • 1Director, Alameda Institute.

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|September 6, 2025
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

援助業界は社会的な危機に直面しており,社会的な問題に対処することから社会的な断片化に対処することへと移行しています. 根本的なニーズに焦点を当てた新しいアプローチは,現在の社会変革に挑戦するために不可欠です.

キーワード:
支援する債務危機金融化についてグローバル化非公式労働市場について独占資本主義新自由主義社会的問題社会問題

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Measuring Neural and Behavioral Activity During Ongoing Computerized Social Interactions: An Examination of Event-Related Brain Potentials
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Conditions Affecting Social Space in Drosophila melanogaster
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科学分野:

  • 開発研究
  • 社会学
  • 政治経済

背景:

  • 海外援助に関する歴史的な議論は,しばしば技術的,財政的,または政治的問題に焦点を当てていました.
  • 現代の援助事業は,資本主義的財産関係から生じた"社会問題"への対応として生まれました.
  • 現代的な課題は,持続的な財産関係による社会的断片化によって特徴づけられる"社会後問題"を強調しています.

研究 の 目的:

  • 援助業界が直面する中心的な課題を 技術的,金融的,政治的ではなく 社会的なものとして再定義する.
  • 援助が"社会問題"から"社会後の問題"への対処へと進化した過程を分析する.
  • 根本的なニーズに基づいた 新しい政治枠組みを提案する

主な方法:

  • 援助産業の進化の概念的分析
  • 社会的な断片化に照らして,既存の援助モデルを批判する.
  • ニーズに基づく政治の理論的探求

主要な成果:

  • 援助の主な課題はもはや技術的・財政的ではなく,社会的なものです.
  • 援助の撤回は,依存している受益者の困難を悪化させ,システム的な問題を強調します.
  • 資本主義的財産関係の持続は 社会的な断片化を助長しています

結論:

  • 援助の概念化と実施に根本的な変化が必要である.
  • 社会的変革を阻むためには 根本的な人間のニーズに基づく政治が必要である.
  • "社会後問題"に取り組むには,従来の援助の枠組みを超えて,システム的な社会的変化に進む必要があります.