ガーナの小規模な金鉱夫の間で,アルコール使用と精神的苦痛が関連している
Emmanuel Nyaaba1, Vanessa Francesca Epis1, Emma Abena Otema Sefa1
1Department of Geography and Rural Development, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, KNUST, P. O. Box Up 1279 AK-447-9691, Kumasi, Ghana.
The International journal on drug policy
|September 6, 2025
まとめ
ガーナの小規模鉱夫のほとんどは (79.8%) 困難な労働条件に対処するためにアルコールを使用しています. アルコール使用は不安,ストレス,うつ病の増加と関連しており,統合された精神衛生と薬物使用の介入が必要である.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- メンタルヘルスの研究
- 薬物使用に関する研究
背景:
- アルコールの使用はサハラ以南の鉱業部門で広く行われていますが,その心理的社会的な要因と精神的健康への影響はあまり研究されていません.
- 非正規の鉱業は,薬物使用と精神衛生上の課題に寄与するユニークな職業ストレス要因を提示しています.
- これらのダイナミクスを理解することは 脆弱な鉱山コミュニティの 効果的な公衆衛生戦略の開発に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- ガーナの小規模鉱夫のアルコール使用の流行と動機を調査する.
- 鬱や不安やストレスなどの 精神的健康問題との関連を調べる
- この集団におけるアルコール使用に影響を与える年齢特有の要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- ガーナでは664人の職人鉱夫を対象に コミュニティーベースの横断調査が行われました
- アルコールの使用は,アルコール使用障害識別テスト (AUDIT) を用いて評価された.
- GAD-7 (不安),PSS (ストレス),PHQ-9 (うつ病) を用いて精神疾患の症状を測定した.
主要な成果:
- アルコール消費の高頻度 (79.8%) が観察され,その38.1%は危険な飲酒者,16.4%は乱飲者として分類された.
- アルコール使用の主な動機は,厳しい環境,アクセスしやすさ,社会的絆,特に若い鉱夫 (18〜35歳) の影響です.
- アルコールの使用は不安,ストレス,うつ病の 高いレベルとの関連を示した. ストレスとの関連は,高齢の鉱夫 (> 35歳) で顕著でした.
結論:
- アルコール使用はガーナ人鉱夫の間で広く存在し,重大な精神的健康上の負担と関連しています.
- 介入は,年齢特有の動機を考慮して,アルコール使用の心理的要因に取り組むべきである.
- 非公式の鉱山環境における薬物使用と精神衛生に関する 統合された公衆衛生プログラムが緊急に必要である.
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