ヒトパピロマウイルス (HPV) ワクチン接種が不良産科結果のリスクに与える影響:データリンク研究
Xiaoqian Xu1, Maggie E Cruickshank2, Andrea M F Woolner2
1National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Clinical Epidemiology and EBM Unit, Beijing Clinical Research Institute, Beijing, China; Aberdeen Centre for Women's Health Research (ACWHR), Institute Applied Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology
|September 6, 2025
まとめ
ヒトパピローマウイルス (HPV) ワクチン接種は,自発的な早産率に影響を与えなかった. しかし,HPVワクチン接種は,出産前の膜破裂,出産前出血および出産前出血の有意な減少と関連していました.
科学分野:
- 産婦人科
- ワクチン学
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- ヒトパピローマウイルス (HPV) ワクチン接種は,子宮頸がんの発生率を低減するのに非常に効果的です.
- 以前の研究によると,HPV感染,子宮頸部がん前症候群,および侵入性子宮頸部治療は,早産のリスクを高めています.
- 妊産婦の不良結果に対するHPVワクチン接種の影響は,依然として調査対象です.
研究 の 目的:
- HPVワクチン接種状態と不良産婦人科の結果との関連を調査する.
- HPVワクチン接種が自発的な早産,低出生体重,分娩前膜破裂のリスクを軽減するかどうかを判断する.
- 妊娠前出血症や出産前出血症などの他の妊娠合併症に対するHPVワクチン接種の影響を分析する.
主な方法:
- イギリスのAberdeenで,定期的に収集された妊娠データを用いてコホート研究が行われました.
- HPVワクチン接種状態が主な被曝変数でした.
- 一般化推定方程式 (GEE) を用いて,自発性早産 (sPTB),低出生体重 (LBW),出産前の早産膜破裂 (PPROM) を含む,HPVワクチン接種と不良の産科結果の関連性を分析した.
主要な成果:
- この研究では,2006年から2020年の間に9,200人の女性が自発的に出産した.
- HPVワクチンを接種した女性とワクチンを受けていない女性の間では,自発性早産 (sPTB) の割合で有意な差異は見られなかった [aOR 1. 00 (95% CI 0. 82-1. 22),p=0. 27].
- HPVワクチンを接種した女性は,出産前の早産膜破裂 (PPROM) [aOR 0. 52 (95%CI 0. 30- 0. 89) ],終産後のPROM [aOR 0. 25 (95%CI 0. 17- 0. 36),p< 0. 01],出産前の血栓症 [aOR 0. 38 (95%CI 0. 28- 0. 51),p< 0. 01],出産前出血症 (APH) [aOR 0. 71 (95%CI 0. 59- 0. 85) ]を著しく減少させた.
結論:
- HPVワクチン接種は,この集団における自発的な早産率を変化させるようには見えません.
- PPROM,PROM,前出血症およびAPHを含む他の不良産科結果に対するHPVワクチン接種の潜在的な保護効果を示唆しています.
- これらの関連性を確認し,その背後にあるメカニズムを明らかにするために,さらなる研究が必要である.
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