幼児期における全身的な抗生物質被曝とモラ・インシサール・ヒポミネラライゼーション (MIH) の関連性:体系的なレビューとメタ解析
Éva Mlinkó1, Dalma Tábi2, Bianca Golzio Navarro Cavalcante3
1Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Journal of dentistry
|September 6, 2025
まとめ
4歳未満の小児の早期の抗生物質投与は,モラ・インシサール・ヒポミネラライゼーション (MIH) の高リスクと関連しています. この関連性を確認し,予防戦略を導くためにさらなる研究が必要です.
科学分野:
- 小児歯科
- 発達生物学
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- 毛細歯の低ミネラル化 (MIH) は,世界中で子供に多く見られるエナメルの欠陥です.
- MIHの発症における幼児期の抗生物質被曝の役割は十分に確立されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 4歳未満の抗生物質使用とMIHリスクとの関連を体系的に検討し,メタ分析する.
- 特定の抗生物質のクラスと MIH との潜在的な関連性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 2024年12月までの観察研究のためのMEDLINE,Embase,CENTRALのデータベースを検索しました.
- QUIPSを用いてバイアスのリスクを評価した.
- 確率比 (OR) と95%信頼区間 (CI) を計算するためにランダム効果モデルを使用した.
主要な成果:
- 4歳未満の抗生物質使用はMIHと有意な関連性を示した (OR: 1. 50).
- アモキシシリンとペニシリンの曝露は,この分析では統計的に有意ではないが,MIHの確率が高いことを示唆した.
- 偏見や混同要因の可能性を示唆する 証拠の低い確実性を特定した.
結論:
- 早期の抗生物質被曝 (4歳未満) は,モラ・インシザー・ヒポミネラライゼーションのリスクの増加と関連しています.
- 直接的な因果関係は不明であり,慎重に解釈し,さらなる調査が必要である.
- 子どもの口腔健康に対する潜在的なリスクを軽減するために,慎重に抗生物質の管理を推奨します.
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