カープ (Cyprinus carpio) と トラウト (Onchorhynchus mykiss) の呼吸パターンの調節における中脳テグメントの役割
E O'Neill Angela1, L Lumsden Amanda1, K Milsom William1
1Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T1Z4.
Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
|September 6, 2025
まとめ
魚の背中脳膜 (DMT) を傷つけると,エピソード的な呼吸パターンが解消される. 呼吸パターンを生み出す上で 重要な役割を果たしています 呼吸パターンを生み出す上で 重要な役割を果たしています
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 比較生理学
- 呼吸器制御
背景:
- 脊椎動物の呼吸リズムは 感覚フィードバックと 中枢神経系からの入力によって調整されます
- 魚の呼吸パターンは様々です カープの場合は一時的な呼吸 フォルトの場合は連続的な呼吸です
- 以前の研究では,背中中側頭膜 (DMT) の刺激が,カープの呼吸エピソードに影響を及ぼすことが示されました.
研究 の 目的:
- 魚の呼吸不全とエピソード的呼吸パターンの開始におけるDMTの役割を調査する.
- DMTの部位には 呼吸に欠かせない無呼吸期を生成する神経細胞があるかどうか
- 呼吸パターンと全体的な呼吸運動における DMT の関与を評価する.
主な方法:
- 脳の解消と脊髄切除は カルプとトラウトに施された.
- カイン酸のステレオタキシカルマイクロ注射は,DMTの部位を傷つけるために使用されました.
- 呼吸パターン,頻度,振幅は,高酸素状態での病変の発生前と後にモニタリングされた.
主要な成果:
- 大脳切除と脊髄切除の後,ほとんどの魚と3分の1の魚は高酸素状態でエピソード的呼吸を示した.
- カイニック酸の注射は当初呼吸を刺激したが,興奮毒性の作用が進行するにつれて正常なレベルが回復した.
- DMTの病変は,魚の50%以上と魚の33%のエピソード的呼吸を排除しました.
結論:
- 魚の呼吸パターンを確立する上で重要な役割を果たします
- 中脳帯状のニューロンは 呼吸時無呼吸を起こし 呼吸をエピソードに分類します
- 呼吸止めを起こす神経細胞の分布は 中脳帯内では均一ではない.
関連する概念動画
01:18Neural Control of Respiration
2.9K
The neural regulation of respiration is a meticulously coordinated process primarily controlled by the respiratory centers located within the brainstem. These centers, composed of specialized neurons, transmit nerve impulses that control the contraction and relaxation of our respiratory muscles.
Respiratory Centers in the Brainstem
Two primary areas comprise the respiratory center: the medullary respiratory center in the medulla oblongata and the pontine respiratory group in the pons. The...
Respiratory Centers in the Brainstem
Two primary areas comprise the respiratory center: the medullary respiratory center in the medulla oblongata and the pontine respiratory group in the pons. The...
2.9K
01:22Physiology of Respiration II: Neurogenic Control of Respiration
852
The neurogenic control of respiration coordinates various neural networks and pathways to regulate breathing rate and depth, meeting the body's oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange requirements. This system adapts to physiological and environmental conditions, ensuring optimal breathing patterns.
Central Control
The brainstem is the primary site of central control, hosting respiratory centers:
Central Control
The brainstem is the primary site of central control, hosting respiratory centers:
852
01:17Other Factors Affecting Respiration Centers
968
Breathing is primarily an involuntary activity regulated by the brainstem respiratory centers. However, it can also be consciously controlled, allowing us to hold our breath or take deeper breaths when needed. This voluntary control is facilitated by the cerebral motor cortex, which bypasses the medullary centers to stimulate the respiratory muscles directly.
However, the ability to hold one's breath voluntarily is not limitless. When the CO2 concentration in the blood reaches a critical...
However, the ability to hold one's breath voluntarily is not limitless. When the CO2 concentration in the blood reaches a critical...
968
01:21Brainstem: Control Centers of Medulla
2.2K
The medulla oblongata is a crucial part of the brainstem responsible for controlling various autonomic and involuntary functions. It contains several nuclei, including the olivary, cuneate, gracile, and solitary nuclei.
Olivary Nucleus
The olivary nucleus, or inferior olivary nucleus, is located within the ventrolateral part of the medulla oblongata. It is primarily involved in motor coordination and motor learning. The olivary nucleus receives input from the spinal cord, cerebellum, and motor...
Olivary Nucleus
The olivary nucleus, or inferior olivary nucleus, is located within the ventrolateral part of the medulla oblongata. It is primarily involved in motor coordination and motor learning. The olivary nucleus receives input from the spinal cord, cerebellum, and motor...
2.2K
01:23Physiological Control of Respiration
3.2K
Introduction
Breathing, a seemingly passive process, is regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem. This center coordinates the involuntary control of respirations, which means it occurs without conscious effort, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted pattern.
Regulation of Ventilation
The body maintains ventilation by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the arterial blood. Among these factors, the level of CO2 plays a crucial...
Breathing, a seemingly passive process, is regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem. This center coordinates the involuntary control of respirations, which means it occurs without conscious effort, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted pattern.
Regulation of Ventilation
The body maintains ventilation by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the arterial blood. Among these factors, the level of CO2 plays a crucial...
3.2K
01:19Brainstem
3.0K
The brainstem, located inferior to the brain and superior to the spinal cord, serves as a bridge between the cerebrum and the spinal cord. It plays a vital role in relaying information and controlling critical life functions. It comprises three primary regions: the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.
The Midbrain
The midbrain is located beneath the diencephalon and connects the cerebrum with the lower parts of the brain. The cerebral peduncles are prominent midbrain structures that house the...
The Midbrain
The midbrain is located beneath the diencephalon and connects the cerebrum with the lower parts of the brain. The cerebral peduncles are prominent midbrain structures that house the...
3.0K