新生児重症治療室での極度の低出生体重の乳児の全口栄養の達成:後回顧的な研究
Eva Proels1, Joleen Dako1,2
1Department of Pediatrics, Mercer University School of Medicine, Macon, Georgia, USA.
まとめ
新生児重症治療室 (NICU) から退院する前に,最も低出生体重 (ELBW) の乳児は完全に口腔栄養を受けることができません. 家庭での食事の計画により,NICUでの滞在期間が短縮される可能性があります.
科学分野:
- 新生児科学
- 小児胃腸内科
- 臨床栄養について
背景:
- 極度の低出生体重 (ELBW) の赤ちゃんは,新生児集中治療室 (NICU) で長期にわたる栄養補助を必要とします.
- 完全口腔腸内栄養の達成は,乳幼児の放出準備の重要なマイルストーンです.
研究 の 目的:
- 極低出生体重 (ELBW) の乳児の全口腸内栄養までの時間を決定する.
- 完全口腔栄養の達成と,NICUの滞在期間への影響に影響を与える要因を分析する.
主な方法:
- ELBWの赤ん坊 (2021年7月から2022年12月生まれ) の遡及的なチャートレビュー.
- 出院前に死亡または移送された乳児を除外
- カプラン・マイヤー生存分析で,全口投与までの時間を推定する (最大153日).
主要な成果:
- ELBWの乳児の25%が94日までに完全口腔栄養を摂取し,33. 3%が新生児集中治療室から出院する前に摂取した.
- 妊娠27~30週に生まれた乳児の完全口服までの平均時間は82日でした.
- 完全口服をしなかった乳児は12日後に退院した (P=0. 02).
結論:
- ELBWの乳児のほとんどは,乳児集中治療室から出院する前に,完全に口服できない.
- 経口栄養の遅延は,NICUでの長期滞在と関連しています.
- 早期に代替的な家庭給食計画について話し合うことは,NICUの期間を短縮するのに有益である.
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