サルコペニアおよびカケキシアに関する最新のアップデート:第17回サルコペニア・カケキシア・消耗性疾患カンファレンスからの知見

Hyunwoo Park1, Hyeon Su Kim1, Bon-Sang Gu1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Research Institute, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.

Journal of bone metabolism
|September 17, 2025
PubMed

2024年12月6日から8日にかけてワシントンDCで開催された第17回サルコペニア・カケキシア・消耗性疾患カンファレンスでは、筋肉減少症の理解と管理における画期的な進展が披露されました。本レビューでは、本会議で登壇した国際的に認められた専門家らの講義ノートおよびプレゼンテーションに基づき、会議で議論された重要な知見と最新の開発状況を概説します。本レビューは、サルコペニア、がんカケキシア、およびその他の慢性疾患に関連する消耗性疾患に焦点を当てています。主な発見としては、筋肉調節におけるMacroautophagy and YouTH Optimizer経路の同定、筋肉萎縮におけるectodysplasin A2受容体-nuclear factor-κB-inducing kinaseシグナリングの役割、およびミトコンドリア機能不全が全身の健康に及ぼす影響などが挙げられました。人工知能(AI)を活用した画像診断や新規バイオマーカーを含む診断ツールの進歩は、これらの疾患の検出と管理を変革しつつあります。また、グルカゴン様ペプチド2ベースの治療法、選択的アンドロゲン受容体調節薬、サイトカイン阻害剤などの新たな治療戦略が、治療領域を再形成しています。本カンファレンスでは、分子レベルの知見を個別化ケアアプローチに統合する精密医療の重要性が強調され、患者のアウトカムを最適化するための多職種連携によるリハビリテーションが重視されました。さらに、大腿骨近位部骨折患者の筋肉再生を目的とした胎盤由来拡大ストローマ細胞に関するHIPGEN試験や、がんカケキシアに伴う筋肉減少を軽減するためにgrowth/differentiation factor-15阻害を標的としたponsegromabの研究など、有望な臨床的進展も強調されました。本レビューは、基礎科学、革新的な診断法、および臨床応用の統合が、筋肉減少症がもたらす複雑な課題に対処するための有望な枠組みとなることを示しています。この分野が進展するにつれ、これらの知見は、罹患患者のクオリティ・オブ・ライフ(QOL)および生存率の向上への希望となるでしょう。

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