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Redox Reactions01:24

Redox Reactions

58.3K
Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
58.3K
Redox Reactions01:27

Redox Reactions

908
Redox reactions are vital biochemical processes that underpin energy metabolism in cells. These reactions involve the transfer of electrons between molecules, occurring in tandem as oxidation and reduction. Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons, while reduction denotes their gain. This coupling ensures the seamless flow of electrons through metabolic pathways. For example, in bacterial metabolism, glucose undergoes oxidation to carbon dioxide, while oxygen is simultaneously reduced to...
908
Ladder Diagrams: Redox Equilibria01:30

Ladder Diagrams: Redox Equilibria

768
Ladder diagrams are useful tools for understanding redox equilibrium reactions, especially the effects of concentration changes on the electrochemical potential of the reaction. The vertical axis in the redox ladder diagrams represents the electrochemical potential, E. The area of predominance is demarcated using the Nernst equation.
Consider the Fe3+/Fe2+ half-reaction, which has a standard-state potential of +0.771 V. At potentials more positive than +0.771 V, Fe3+ predominates, whereas Fe2+...
768
Redox Equilibria: Overview01:23

Redox Equilibria: Overview

1.5K
A reduction-oxidation reaction is commonly called a redox reaction. In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred from one species to another rather than being shared between or among atoms. The reducing agent or reductant is the species that loses electrons and gets oxidized in the process. The species that gains electrons and gets reduced in the process is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Redox reactions are represented as two separate equations called half-reactions, where one equation...
1.5K
Oxidation-Reduction Reactions03:11

Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

75.1K
Oxidation–Reduction Reactions
75.1K
Voltaic/Galvanic Cells02:47

Voltaic/Galvanic Cells

63.0K
Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
Spontaneous redox reactions occur abundantly in nature. The chemical reaction occurring in a disposable AA battery powering our remote controls is one such example of a spontaneous redox reaction. Another example is the immersion of coiled copper wire into an aqueous silver nitrate solution. The reaction shows a gradual, visually impressive color change from colorless to bright blue and the formation of a grey precipitate on the copper wire. In this experiment,...
63.0K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

[DPEPhosbcpCu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst
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ウルマン型結合反応における銅の酸化還元反応の解読

Yongrui Luo1, Yuli Li2,3, Botao Wu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.

Nature
|September 22, 2025
PubMed
まとめ

この研究は,銅 (I),銅 (III),銅 (II) の中間物質を含む新しい銅触媒サイクルを明らかにした. この複雑なリドックス配列を理解することで,銅触媒によるアリルハライド機能化反応に関する新しい洞察が得られる.

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A Two-Step Protocol for Umpolung Functionalization of Ketones Via Enolonium Species
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Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides
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Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides

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[DPEPhosbcpCu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst
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[DPEPhosbcpCu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst

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A Two-Step Protocol for Umpolung Functionalization of Ketones Via Enolonium Species
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Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides
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Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides

Published on: September 7, 2019

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科学分野:

  • 有機金属化学
  • カタリシス
  • 合成有機化学

背景:

  • アリルハリドの銅触媒機能化は,C-CとC-ヘテロ原子結合形成に不可欠である.
  • これらの触媒サイクルにおける銅種の正確な酸化還元作用は,まだ十分に理解されず,議論されている.

研究 の 目的:

  • Cu (I) 複合体とアリルイオジド間の銅触媒反応のメカニズムを調査する.
  • レドックス配列を解明し,触媒サイクルにおける主要な中間物質を特定する.

主な方法:

  • よく定義されたCu (I) 複合体と電子が少ないアリルヨジドを用いた実験的メカニズム的調査.
  • 理論的メカニズム研究
  • コントロールされた温度で一時的な銅種を捕獲するためのスペクトル学的方法.

主要な成果:

  • Cu (III) - アリル複合体の分離と特徴付け
  • Cu (I) /Cu (III) /Cu (II) /Cu (III) /Cu (I) レドックス配列の識別
  • 中間捕獲を可能にする触媒サイクルにおける温度依存制御の実証

結論:

  • この発見は,Cu (I) - アリルヨウ素反応に関する伝統的なメカニズム的提案に異議を唱える.
  • 触媒結合における銅種の複雑な振る舞いを詳細に説明する.
  • 銅触媒による交互結合反応に関する新しい見方を示しています.