mRNA調

Ezequiel Calvo-Roitberg1, Christine L Carroll2, GyeungYun Kim2

  • 1RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 9, 2025
PubMed
まとめ

メッセンジャーRNA (mRNA) のアイソフォームの多様性は,転写開始部位と終了部位の選択によって引き起こされる. ポジショナル・イニシアーション・ターミネーション・アックス (PITA) は,これらの部位の結合使用を明らかにし,遺伝子発現のダイナミクスを影響する.

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Initiation of Translation02:33

Initiation of Translation

Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
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Termination of Translation01:44

Termination of Translation

The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
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Regulated mRNA Transport02:22

Regulated mRNA Transport

In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing...
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Bacterial Transcription01:53

Bacterial Transcription

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