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Glucose Transporters01:27

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Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
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The gastrointestinal tract is susceptible to various disorders. If the lower esophageal sphincter is damaged, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the lining. This condition is called gastroesophageal reflux disease (known as heartburn) and may cause chest pain and difficulty swallowing. In the stomach, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, chronic alcohol consumption, bacterial infections such as Helicobacter...
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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
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Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
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Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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非セリアック性グルテン感受性

Jessica R Biesiekierski1, Daisy Jonkers2, Carolina Ciacci3

  • 1School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Lancet (London, England)
|October 25, 2025
PubMed
まとめ

非セリアック性グルテン過敏症 (NCGS) は,グルテンを食べた後に症状が現れるが,セリアック症や小麦アレルギーがない状態である. 研究によると 発酵可能な炭水化物と心理的要因が 症状に大きく寄与し 診断を複雑にします

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科学分野:

  • 胃腸内科
  • 臨床栄養について
  • ダイエット

背景:

  • 非セリアック性グルテン過敏症 (NCGS) は,グルテンまたは小麦の摂取による症状を報告する個人に影響し,セリアック病または小麦アレルギーとは異なります.
  • 成人の約10%がグルテン感受性を自己報告する一方で,方法論は異なるが,コントロールされた研究では16%から30%がグルテン特有のトリガーを持っていることが示されている.
  • 発酵可能な炭水化物とノセボ効果は,研究と知覚に商業とメディアの影響とともに,症状の発生に関与しています.

研究 の 目的:

  • NCGSに関する現在の証拠を批判的に検討する.
  • NCGS症状の潜在的メカニズムを探求する.
  • NCGSの評価と管理のための実践的な指針を提供すること.

主な方法:

  • NCGSに関する既存の文献の体系的なレビュー.
  • バイオマーカーの欠如と腸-脳相互作用障害との重複を含む診断上の課題の分析
  • 食事の評価方法とその限界の評価

主要な成果:

  • NCGSの決定的な診断は,バイオマーカーの欠如と方法論的多様性のために困難です.
  • 発酵可能な炭水化物とノセボ効果は症状の発現に相当な役割を果たします.
  • NCGSは,慎重に評価する必要がある排除の診断です.

結論:

  • NCGSの診断は難しいので,食事の変更と心理的要因と栄養の充足をバランスとした体系的なアプローチが必要である.
  • 病原体を特定し,診断検査を開発するためにさらなる研究が必要である.
  • 管理には不確実性を認識し 個別的なケアに焦点を当てることが必要です