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関連する概念動画

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.8K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.8K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:09

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

3.3K
The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this species into...
3.3K
Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes02:35

Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes

9.3K
The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
9.3K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.4K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
2.4K
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

4.3K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
4.3K
Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.9K
Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
3.9K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Controlled Photoredox Ring-Opening Polymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides Mediated by Ni/Zn Complexes
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Controlled Photoredox Ring-Opening Polymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides Mediated by Ni/Zn Complexes

Published on: November 21, 2017

8.6K

触媒式ラセミゼーションによるステレオコンバージェントポリメリゼーション

Zheng-Fei Liu1, Yu-Tao Wang1, Ye Liu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|November 13, 2025
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

ダイナミック・キネティック・ソリューション・ポリメリゼーション (DKRP) は,従来の方法の50%の収量制限を上回ります. この新しいアプローチは,急速なラセミゼーションを使用して,ラセミ混合物から100%のエナチオプアポリマーを得ます.

さらに関連する動画

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst
06:49

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst

Published on: April 22, 2016

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Ethylene Polymerizations Using Parallel Pressure Reactors and a Kinetic Analysis of Chain Transfer Polymerization
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Ethylene Polymerizations Using Parallel Pressure Reactors and a Kinetic Analysis of Chain Transfer Polymerization

Published on: November 27, 2015

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Controlled Photoredox Ring-Opening Polymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides Mediated by Ni/Zn Complexes
05:48

Controlled Photoredox Ring-Opening Polymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides Mediated by Ni/Zn Complexes

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Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst
06:49

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst

Published on: April 22, 2016

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Ethylene Polymerizations Using Parallel Pressure Reactors and a Kinetic Analysis of Chain Transfer Polymerization
07:28

Ethylene Polymerizations Using Parallel Pressure Reactors and a Kinetic Analysis of Chain Transfer Polymerization

Published on: November 27, 2015

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科学分野:

  • ポリマー化学
  • 有機合成
  • キャタリシス

背景:

  • キネティック解像度ポリメリゼーション (KRP) はエナチオピュアなポリマーを合成するが,理論的収量50%に制限されている.
  • ステレオレギュラリティは,エナティオメールの比率の変化により,変換が50%に近づくにつれて減少する.

研究 の 目的:

  • KRPの生産制限を克服するために
  • ラセミ混合物からエナチオンの濃縮されたポリマーを合成するための方法を開発する.

主な方法:

  • ダイナミック・キネティック・レゾルション・ポリメリゼーション (DKRP) を達成するために急速なラセミゼーションを使用した.
  • ルイス酸塩対 (トリス・ペルフローロフェニル) ボランとN,N-ジメチルブチラミン) とキラル触媒 ((R) -SalBinamAl) を利用した.
  • レーセミックβ-プロピオチオラクトンにDKRP法を適用した.

主要な成果:

  • 100%の変換と96%の (R) -エナティオメア過剰を達成した.
  • 触媒的ラセミゼーションによって誘導されるステレオコンバージェントリング開封ポリメリゼーションプロセスを実証した.
  • 従来の運動解像度の固有の50%の出力制限を克服しました.

結論:

  • DKRPは,理論上の収量で100%までのラセミックモノマーからエナチオピュアポリマーを精密に合成することを可能にします.
  • この研究は,触媒的ラセミゼーション駆動型ステレオコンバージェントリング開封ポリメリゼーションの最初の例を示しています.