消防士の酸素消費効率:疲労と救助タスクの役割
Xinxin Zhang1,2, Chengxiu Li3, Yong Zhou4
1School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.
Frontiers in physiology
|December 12, 2025
まとめ
消防士の救助タスクは、より重い負荷(30 kg)で最も酸素効率が良いです。この発見は、緊急時の大規模な負荷運搬を優先することが、運用効率と消防士のパフォーマンスを向上させる可能性を示唆しています。
科学分野:
- 運動生理学
- 労働安全衛生
背景:
- 消防士の救助活動は肉体的に厳しい。
- これらのタスク中の生理学的反応を理解することは、パフォーマンスと安全性を最適化するために不可欠である。
研究 の 目的:
- 異なる負荷、方法、疲労レベルでのシミュレートされた消防士救助タスク中の標準化された酸素消費量を比較すること。
- 運用効率を高めるための最適な救助戦略を特定すること。
主な方法:
- 63人の男性消防士が5回の20mシャトルランを実施した。
- タスクには、異なる負荷(10、20、30 kg)と運搬方法(肩、クレードル、手)が含まれた。
- 5つの疲労状態でウェアラブル代謝システムを使用して測定が行われた。
主要な成果:
- タスク負荷は標準化された酸素消費量に有意な影響を与えた(P < 0.001)。
- より高い負荷(20 kg、30 kg)は、10 kgの負荷と比較して有意に低い酸素消費量をもたらした(P < 0.05)。
- 疲労状態と救助方法は、酸素消費量に有意な影響を示さなかった。
結論:
- タスク負荷は、高強度消防士スプリントにおける酸素効率の主な決定要因である。
- より重い負荷(30 kg)は、優れた酸素効率を示し、「小負荷・低効率」パターンを示唆している。
- 緊急時の大規模救助タスクを優先することが、消防士の運用効率を高める可能性がある。
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