3Dプリントコンクリートの異方性圧縮強度を説明可能な機械学習(XML)で強化された複数のニューラルネットワークを用いて受動的に決定する
Imtiaz Iqbal1, Tala Kasim2, Svetlana Besklubova3
1Department of Civil Engineering, Aston University, B4 7ET, Birmingham, UK.
Scientific reports
|December 12, 2025
まとめ
繊維と廃棄物を組み込んだ3Dコンクリート印刷(3DCP)の圧縮強度を、高度なニューラルネットワークが正確に予測します。畳み込みニューラルネットワーク(CNN)モデルは、3DCP材料特性に影響を与える重要な要素を特定し、優れたパフォーマンスを示します。
科学分野:
- 材料科学および工学
- 土木工学
- 建設における人工知能
背景:
- 3Dプリントコンクリート(3DCP)は、建設における速度や設計の柔軟性などの利点を提供します。
- 繊維や産業廃棄物を組み込むことで、3DCPのパフォーマンスと持続可能性が向上します。
- これらの複雑な3DCP混合物の圧縮強度(CS)を予測することは、従来の予測方法では困難です。
研究 の 目的:
- 3Dプリントコンクリート(3DCP)の圧縮強度(CS)の信頼性の高い予測モデルを開発すること。
- CS予測に高度なニューラルネットワークおよび深層学習アルゴリズムを採用すること。
- 3DCPのCSに影響を与える重要な要因を特定すること。
主な方法:
- 公開文献から収集された3DCPの実験的CSインスタンスのデータベースを200件収集しました。
- 多層パーセプトロン(MLP)、畳み込みニューラルネットワーク(CNN)、および放射基底関数ニューラルネットワーク(RBFNN)モデルをトレーニングおよび検証しました。
- k分割交差検証、誤差指標、残差評価、Shapley(SHAP)、および個別条件期待値(ICE)分析を利用しました。
主要な成果:
- CNNモデルは、テストR²値0.95で最高の予測パフォーマンスを達成しました。
- SHAPおよびICE分析により、水セメント比、荷重方向、繊維含有量が圧縮強度(CS)に影響を与える重要な要因であることが特定されました。
- ステークホルダーの実装のために、実用的なグラフィカルユーザーインターフェイス(GUI)が開発されました。
結論:
- 深層学習モデル、特にCNNは、3DCPの複雑な挙動を予測するために堅牢です。
- 開発されたモデルと特定された重要な影響要因は、3DCPの持続可能な設計を導くことができます。
- GUIは、3DCP材料開発におけるAI主導の洞察の実用的なアプリケーションを促進します。
関連する概念動画
Relation Between Tensile Strength and Compressive Strength of Concrete
613
Concrete is a fundamental building material, and understanding its strengths is crucial for construction projects. The relationship between its tensile and compressive strengths is intricate, showing that while these strengths are related, they do not increase at the same rate. Tensile strength's growth is slower and is affected by various factors such as the methods used for testing, the size and shape of the specimen, the texture of the aggregate used, and the moisture content of the...
613
Behavior of Concrete Under Compressive Load
553
Concrete exhibits specific behaviors under different compressive loads. Understanding this is crucial for understanding its structural integrity. When concrete undergoes uniaxial compression, it tends to develop cracks that run parallel to the direction of the force. These parallel cracks stem from localized tensile stresses that occur perpendicular to the compression direction. Additionally, angled cracks may appear due to the formation of shear planes.
As the concrete specimen fractures under...
As the concrete specimen fractures under...
553
Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete
907
The dynamic modulus of elasticity assesses how a concrete structure deforms under impact or dynamic loads. It is typically higher than the static modulus of elasticity, measured under slow, steady loading conditions.
The sonic test is a common method to determine the dynamic modulus. In this test, a concrete beam, sized either 6 x 6 x 30 inches or 4 x 4 x 20 inches, is clamped at its center. Vibrations are initiated at one end of the beam by an electromagnetic exciter unit powered by a...
The sonic test is a common method to determine the dynamic modulus. In this test, a concrete beam, sized either 6 x 6 x 30 inches or 4 x 4 x 20 inches, is clamped at its center. Vibrations are initiated at one end of the beam by an electromagnetic exciter unit powered by a...
907
Tensile Strength Considerations of Concrete
475
Considering the tensile strength of concrete involves recognizing that the theoretical strength of cement paste can be up to a thousand times higher than what is observed in practical applications. This significant discrepancy is largely attributed to the presence of microscopic cracks within the concrete. These cracks tend to amplify stress at their tips when a load is applied, a phenomenon explained by Griffith's theory of brittle fracture.
The dimensions and shape of a concrete specimen...
The dimensions and shape of a concrete specimen...
475
Non-destructive Tests for Concrete Strength
449
The rebound hammer test, also known as the Schmidt hammer test, is a non-destructive technique for evaluating the hardness of concrete and, indirectly, the strength of concrete. It operates on the principle that the rebound of a spring-driven mass from a concrete surface correlates to the surface's hardness. The device comprises a mass within a tubular housing, a spring mechanism, and a plunger that strikes the concrete. Upon release, the energy imparted to the mass by the spring causes it...
449
Elasticity in Concrete
300
Upon subjecting concrete to moderate or high uniaxial compressive or tensile stresses, the strain response is non-linear relative to the stress applied. As the stress is removed, the resulting stress-strain curve deviates from the original path traced during loading, creating a hysteresis loop, indicative of the concrete's non-linear and non-elastic properties. Typically, a material's modulus of elasticity, which is a measure of the material's stiffness, is inferred from the linear...
300


