壁破砕担子菌胞子粉末の乳頭状甲状腺癌に対する抗腫瘍効果に関する研究

Wall-broken Ganoderma lucidum spore powder (BGLSP), a traditional Chinese medicinal substance, contains bioactive triterpenoids with anti-tumor potential. However, its efficacy and mechanisms against papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) remain unclear. This study investigated the anti-tumor effects of BGLSP on PTC using three human PTC cell lines (TPC-1, K1, KTC-1) treated with BGLSP (0.5-4 mg/mL). We assessed cell viability (CCK-8 assay), proliferation (colony formation, Ki-67 immunofluorescence), apoptosis (flow cytometry, caspase activation), and migration (wound healing, transwell assays). Western blot analyzed the key Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) markers, including E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), Snail and Zinc-finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), while a nude mouse xenograft model assessed BGLSP efficacy (2 mg/kg/day). Results showed that BGLSP significantly inhibited PTC cell proliferation and colony formation while inducing apoptosis via caspase-8/caspase-3 activation. It also suppressed migration by modulating EMT, upregulating epithelial markers (E-cadherin, ZO-1), and downregulating mesenchymal markers (N-cadherin, Vimentin) and EMT-transcription factors (Snail, ZEB1). In vivo, BGLSP reduced tumor growth and Ki-67 expression, consistent with in vitro findings. These findings demonstrate that BGLSP exerts anti-tumor effects in PTC by targeting proliferation, apoptosis, and EMT, supporting its traditional use and suggesting potential as a natural adjuvant therapy worthy of further studies.