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緩和ケアユニットにおける口腔衛生のニーズと期待 - 質的研究
K Gambetta-Tessini1,2,3, M J Torre Silva1, R J De Marchi4
1Geriatric Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Talca, Talca, Chile.
Gerodontology
|December 17, 2025
まとめ
口腔衛生は緩和ケアの生活の質に大きく影響する。患者の幸福のためには、歯科専門家を緩和ケアチームに統合することが、既存の課題にもかかわらず極めて重要である。
科学分野:
- 緩和ケア
- 口腔衛生
- 生活の質
背景:
- 緩和ケアは、生命を脅かす病気を抱える患者の生活の質を高めることに焦点を当てている。
- 口腔衛生は全体的な幸福のために不可欠であるが、緩和ケアの現場ではしばしば見過ごされている。
- 本研究では、緩和ケアユニットにおける患者、家族、専門家の口腔衛生ニーズに関する認識を調査する。
研究 の 目的:
- 患者、家族、医療専門家の口腔衛生に関する視点を調査すること。
- 緩和ケアユニットにおける口腔衛生ケアの認識されている必要性を特定すること。
主な方法:
- グラウンデッド・セオリーアプローチを用いた質的研究。
- チリの緩和ケアユニットで実施された半構造化インタビュー。
- オープンコーディングとアクシャルコーディングを通じてデータを分析し、テーマ別カテゴリーを特定した。
主要な成果:
- 主な結果:5つの主要なテーマが現れた:歯科医療への障壁、学際的チームの役割、口腔衛生のトレーニングニーズ、全身の健康の一部としての口腔衛生、および歯科医療の強み。
- インタビューには、7人の医療専門家、4人の介護者、4人の患者が含まれた。
- 歯科医療への障壁と学際的な協力の必要性が際立っていた。
結論:
- 参加者は、緩和ケアにおける生活の質を向上させるための口腔衛生の重要性を認識していた。
- 歯科専門家を緩和ケアチームに統合することは不可欠であるが、課題も存在する。
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