下顎管を巻き込む下顎骨欠損のビデオ内視鏡検査
G V Remizov1, A P Vedyaeva1, A V Kuzin1
1Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia.
まとめ
インパクション歯および嚢胞近傍の下顎管骨欠損は神経損傷リスクを増大させる。ビデオ内視鏡検査は欠損の評価および手術中の神経合併症軽減に役立つ。
科学分野:
- 口腔顎顔面外科学
- 脳神経外科学
- 放射線医学
背景:
- インパクション歯および濾胞う胞に関連する下顎管骨欠損は、下顎神経損傷のリスク因子である。
- これらの症例における外科的介入は感覚鈍麻につながる可能性があり、治療戦略の最適化が必要である。
研究 の 目的:
- 下顎管を巻き込む下顎骨欠損の手術治療を最適化する。
- 手術介入後の感覚鈍麻などの神経合併症を軽減する。
主な方法:
- 下顎智歯近傍の濾胞う胞を有する49例の患者の治療。
- 包含基準:嚢胞腔が下顎管に投影または変位していること。
- CBCTおよびビデオ内視鏡検査を用いた骨欠損および下顎管構造の評価。
主要な成果:
- 下顎管骨欠損の3つのタイプが特定され、外科的アプローチを導いた。
- CBCTでは18%の症例で骨壁が存在しないことが示された。ビデオ内視鏡検査により欠損の完全性が確認された。
- 内視鏡検査で測定された実際の骨欠損サイズは、CBCT測定値よりも22%小さかった(p<0.01)。
- 術後の感覚鈍麻は患者の25%に発生した。
結論:
- 嚢胞摘出術および抜歯時のビデオ内視鏡検査は有用である。
- 下顎管骨欠損の正確な評価を可能にする。
- 神経血管束の完全性を評価するのに役立ち、合併症の軽減に寄与する。
関連する概念動画
Bone Structure
Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
Bone Remodeling
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Gross Anatomy of Bone
The two main features of a long bone are the diaphysis and the epiphysis.
The diaphysis is the tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of the bone. The walls of the diaphysis are composed of dense and hard compact bone made of numerous osteons — the functional unit of the compact bone. The hollow region in the diaphysis is called the medullary cavity, which harbors the bone marrow. In infants and children, this marrow cavity is filled with red marrow, whereas in adults, it...
The diaphysis is the tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of the bone. The walls of the diaphysis are composed of dense and hard compact bone made of numerous osteons — the functional unit of the compact bone. The hollow region in the diaphysis is called the medullary cavity, which harbors the bone marrow. In infants and children, this marrow cavity is filled with red marrow, whereas in adults, it...
Bone Markings
Bones have various surface features that help form joints and attach to other soft tissues. Depending on the function, bone markings are categorized into articulating projections, processes for attachment, depressions, and openings.
Articulating Projections
Articulating projections are found where two bones meet to form a joint. These structures are usually found at the ends of bones. The largest articulation is a rounded projection called the head, supported by a narrow neck at the ends of...
Articulating Projections
Articulating projections are found where two bones meet to form a joint. These structures are usually found at the ends of bones. The largest articulation is a rounded projection called the head, supported by a narrow neck at the ends of...
Compact Bone
Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
Fractures: Bone Repair
Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...


