女性における腸の過敏性の細胞基礎
Archana Venkataraman1, Eric E Figueroa2, Joel Castro3,4
1Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
まとめ
刺激性腸症候群のような 内臓痛みの女性性バイアスは エストロゲン主導の腸内信号と関連しています エストロゲンはL細胞とエントロクロマフィン細胞のコミュニケーションを高め,女性では腸の感受性と痛みを増加させます.
科学分野:
- 神経胃腸内科
- 内分泌学
- 腸内微生物の相互作用
背景:
- 刺激性腸症候群を含む内臓の痛み障害は,女性に不釣り合いに影響します.
- 腸内クロマフィン (EC) 細胞と感覚神経の間のコミュニケーションが強化されたことが,この性バイアスに関与している.
- エストロゲンが腸の感受性や 痛みの感受性を調節する役割は 更に研究が必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- 女性の内臓痛みの流行に寄与するエストロゲン反応性パラクリン経路を解明する.
- エストロゲン媒介性腸過敏症に関与する特定の細胞タイプと分子機構を特定する.
- ホルモンの変動が 他の要因と相互作用して 腸の痛みの回路を 増幅する方法を理解する
主な方法:
- エストロゲンの大腸のL細胞とエントロクロマフィン (EC) 細胞への影響を研究した.
- 遺伝子発現と受容体のシグナリングを分析するために 分子生物学技術を活用した.
- ペプチドYY (PYY) とセロトニンが腸の感受性を媒介する役割を調べました.
主要な成果:
- エストロゲンは,大腸のL細胞の短鎖脂肪酸受容体* Olfr78* を上調し,PYYの放出を増加させます.
- PYYが上昇すると,EC細胞のNPY1Rが活性化し,セロトニンの放出と腸の痛みが増加する.
- このエストロゲン反応経路は 特に女性では 腸の感受性を増幅します
結論:
- L細胞とEC細胞を含む新しいエストロゲン反応経路が女性の内臓の痛みに寄与する.
- ホルモンの変動や ストレスやダイエットは この大腸回路を拡大し 腸の不適応感を 引き起こします
- この経路をターゲットにすることで 性別偏りのある内臓の痛み障害の治療戦略を提案できます
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