神経発達障害における診断横断的行動表現型と併存する消化器症状:探索的研究
Shane Cleary1,2, Sarah Asbury1, Russell J Schachar3,4
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
まとめ
診断だけでなく行動に基づいて神経発達障害(NDD)のサブグループを特定することが重要です。自閉スペクトラム症(ASD)および注意欠陥・多動性障害(ADHD)を含む、より重度の行動プロファイルを持つ子供たちは、消化器症状の有病率が高いことを示しています。
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 発達心理学
- 遺伝学
背景:
- 自閉スペクトラム症(ASD)や注意欠陥・多動性障害(ADHD)などの神経発達障害(NDD)は、多様な行動パターンと重複する症状を示す。
- これらのバリエーションを理解することは、効果的な診断と介入のために不可欠である。
研究 の 目的:
- NDDと診断された子供たちのコホート内で行動ベースのサブグループを特定すること。
- これらのサブグループにおける消化器症状(GI)と行動表現型の関係を調査すること。
主な方法:
- 1716人の参加者(典型的発達、ASD、ADHD)の行動データに対して、異種混合モデル(HMM)を使用した。
- オンタリオ州神経発達障害ネットワーク(POND)からのデータを分析した。
- 同定された行動クラスターにおけるGI症状の有病率を調査した。
主要な成果:
- 6つの distinct な行動クラスターが同定された。
- 5つのクラスターは、混合診断(典型的発達、ASD、ADHD)の個人で構成されていた。
- ASDとADHDの参加者のみで構成される1つのクラスターは、最も重度の行動表現型と有意に高いGI症状の有病率を示した。
結論:
- 診断ラベルだけでなく、行動次元がNDDサブグループを区別するために不可欠である。
- 重度の行動表現型とGI症状との強い関連は、NDDにおける腸脳相関の潜在的な役割を強調している。
- 腸脳相関シグナル伝達経路に関するさらなる研究は、NDDの行動プロファイルにおける個人差の根底にある生物学的メカニズムを解明する可能性がある。
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