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食事パターンと乳がんリスク:モロッコ人女性を対象とした大規模症例対照研究
Najoua Lamchabbek1,2, Najia Mane3, Siham Mrah4
1Mohammed VI International School of Public Health, Mohammed VI University of Sciences and Health, Casablanca, Morocco. nlamchabbek@um6ss.ma.
European journal of nutrition
|December 19, 2025
まとめ
精製炭水化物を多く含む食事は乳がんリスクを高め、植物ベースの地中海食は保護効果を示す。本研究では、モロッコ人女性の食事パターンと乳がん(BC)を調査した。
科学分野:
- 栄養科学
- 腫瘍学
- 疫学
背景:
- 乳がん(BC)は、世界中の女性における主要ながんである。
- 食事因子はBCリスクに関連しているが、エビデンスは一貫していない。
- モロッコにおける食事とBCに関する研究は限られている。
研究 の 目的:
- モロッコ人女性における食事パターンと乳がん(BC)リスクとの関連を調査すること。
- モロッコ人集団における食事因子とBCに関する研究の不足に対処すること。
主な方法:
- 2,800人のモロッコ人女性を対象とした症例対照研究。
- 検証済みの食品摂取頻度調査票(FFQ)のデータを用いた主成分分析(PCA)により特定された食事パターン。
- 多変量ロジスティック回帰により、食事パターンの四分位群におけるBCリスクのオッズ比(OR)および95%信頼区間(CI)を算出した。
主要な成果:
- 4つの食事パターンが特定された。
- 「砂糖と精製炭水化物の食事」は、BCリスクとの間に有意な正の関連を示した(OR = 7.71)。
- 「植物ベースと地中海食」は、BCリスクとの間に有意な負の関連を示した(OR = 0.26)。
- 乳製品の多い食事は複雑な関連を示し、最も多い四分位群はリスク増加と関連していた(OR = 1.79)。
- 動物性タンパク質を多く含む食事については、有意な関連は見られなかった。
結論:
- 精製炭水化物を多く含む食事は、乳がんリスクを高める可能性がある。
- 植物ベースおよび地中海食パターンは、乳がんに対する保護効果をもたらすように思われる。
- 植物ベースおよび地中海食の摂取増加に焦点を当てた食事介入は、モロッコ人女性におけるBC予防に有益である可能性がある。
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