難治性皮膚糸状菌症:臨床菌学的特徴と管理上の課題
Aditya K Gupta1,2, Tong Wang2, Vincent Piguet1,3
1Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
|December 19, 2025
まとめ
難治性皮膚糸状菌症は、従来の治療に失敗することが多い持続性の真菌感染症である。耐性の増加により、イトラコナゾールがテルビナフィンよりも好まれるようになったが、慎重な投与量が重要である。
科学分野:
- 皮膚科学; mycology; 薬理学
背景:
- 皮膚糸状菌症は一般的な真菌感染症である。
- 慢性、重症、または再発性の感染症を特徴とする難治性皮膚糸状菌症は、世界中で報告が増加している。
- この病状は、プライマリケアおよび外来診療医にとって課題となっている。
研究 の 目的:
- 難治性皮膚糸状菌症の全身治療選択肢をレビューすること。
- 投与量戦略、治療期間、および治療失敗の理由を要約すること。
- 新たな治療上の考慮事項と管理標準化の必要性を強調すること。
主な方法:
- 過去25年間の電子文献検索を実施した。
- 難治性皮膚糸状菌症に対する全身抗真菌療法に焦点を当てた。
- 従来の療法、新規薬剤、および管理上の課題に関する所見を要約した。
主要な成果:
- テルビナフィン抵抗の重大な原因として皮膚糸状菌の耐性が挙げられ、イトラコナゾールが第一選択薬として好まれるようになっている。;イトラコナゾールの薬物動態学的ばらつきは、治療域未満の濃度や耐性につながる可能性があり、吸収改善製剤の検討が考えられる。;ステロイドは難治性皮膚糸状菌症の治療において避けるべきである。
結論:
- 難治性皮膚糸状菌症の管理には、抗真菌薬耐性および薬剤の薬物動態学的特性を慎重に考慮する必要がある。
- 特に特殊集団においては、抗真菌薬感受性試験を含む管理の標準化が必要である。
- 治療成績向上のためには、さらなる啓発活動と協力が不可欠である。
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