肺扁平上皮癌における化学免疫療法奏法の予測パスオミクスモデル:多施設共同研究
Dongying Wang1, Shuai Mu2, Minghui Zhang3
1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Thoracic Tumor Biotherapy, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|December 20, 2025
まとめ
新たなパスオミクスモデルは、肺扁平上皮癌(LUSC)におけるT細胞炎症性遺伝子発現プロファイル(GEP)の状況を正確に予測する。このモデルは、化学免疫療法(CIT)の恩恵を受ける患者を特定し、生存転帰を改善する。
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 計算病理学
- ゲノミクス
背景:
- 一次化学免疫療法(CIT)の恩恵を受ける肺扁平上皮癌(LUSC)患者の特定は困難である。
- 治療反応の予測には、堅牢なバイオマーカーが必要である。
研究 の 目的:
- LUSCにおけるT細胞炎症性遺伝子発現プロファイル(GEP)ステータスを予測するパスオミクスモデルを開発すること。
- CITの恩恵を受ける患者を特定する上でのモデルの有用性を検証すること。
主な方法:
- パスオミクスモデルおよびパスオミクススコア(PS)を開発するために、TCGA LUSCコホート(n=334)のホールスライド画像およびRNAシーケンシングデータを使用した。
- モデルの予測値は、前向き多施設共同試験(AK105-302、n=267)および2つの独立したコホート(n=82、n=50)で検証された。
- 無増悪生存期間(PFS)および全生存期間(OS)について、PSと治療(CIT vs. 化学療法)との間の相互作用を評価した。
主要な成果:
- GEPステータス予測において、パスオミクスモデルはトレーニングでAUC 0.80、検証でAUC 0.71を達成しました。
- PFS(p=0.011)およびOS(p<0.001)について、PSと治療との間に有意な相互作用が見られました。
- CITを受けた高PS患者は、化学療法を受けた高PS患者と比較して、PFS(HR:0.31)およびOS(HR:0.30)が有意に延長しましたが、低PS患者ではこのベネフィットは見られませんでした。
- 高PSは免疫ホットな腫瘍微小環境と関連していました。
結論:
- GEPベースのパスオミクスモデルが開発された。
- このモデルは、化学療法単独よりも一次CITからより優れた生存ベネフィットを得られる可能性のあるLUSC患者を特定するための、実用的で費用対効果の高い戦略を提供する。
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