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Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations01:15

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations

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Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is commonly administered via intermittent intravenous infusion to treat severe infections. An intermittent one-hour infusion of gentamicin, administered at eight-hour intervals, allows for precise control of plasma drug concentrations, minimizing toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy. Pharmacokinetic principles govern the dynamics of plasma concentrations and can be mathematically described using specific equations.The plasma drug concentration...
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Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses01:25

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A loading dose is an essential pharmacological strategy to rapidly achieve the target plasma drug concentration necessary for an immediate therapeutic effect. This approach is especially critical for drugs characterized by slow absorption or extended half-lives, where delaying therapeutic plasma levels could compromise treatment outcomes. By administering a loading dose, clinicians ensure a prompt onset of drug action, even for agents with complex pharmacokinetic profiles.Achieving steady-state...
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Determining the optimal dose size and dosing frequency in pharmacotherapy is crucial for achieving therapeutic effectiveness while minimizing adverse effects. This article explores the methodologies employed in determining these parameters, focusing on their significance and interplay to tailor dosing regimens.Dose Size: Dose size refers to the amount of a drug administered in a single dose. It is determined based on the drug's pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics properties and...
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高速GPUモンテカルロ計算による個別化CT線量計算

Ronan O Lefol1, Yannick Lemaréchal1, Alexandre Sagona1

  • 1Département de physique, de génie physique et d'optique, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.

Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)
|December 21, 2025
PubMed
まとめ

本研究は、個別化X線CT線量測定のためのGPU高速化パイプラインを発表する。これにより、患者のCTスキャンからの臓器線量の迅速かつ自動的な計算が可能になり、医用画像における放射線安全性が向上する。

キーワード:
自動セグメンテーションCTGPUモンテカルロ法臓器線量個別化線量測定

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科学分野:

  • 医用物理学
  • 放射線科学
  • 計算画像処理

背景:

  • コンピューテッドトモグラフィー（CT）による集団放射線線量の増加は、個別化線量推定を必要とする。
  • 医用画像における放射線安全性を最適化するには、正確な患者固有の線量測定が不可欠である。

主な方法:

  • 動的CT撮像プロセスは、GPUMCDおよびDICOMヘッダー情報を使用してシミュレートされた。
  • パイプラインは、GPUMCDとTotalSegmentator（nnU-net）を統合して自動セグメンテーションを行った。
  • 臓器線量測定は、肺がん検診CT画像に対して行われ、DICOM構造化レポートで報告された。

結論:

  • このパイプラインにより、CTスキャンにおける患者固有の3D線量分布を迅速に生成できる。
  • 完全に自動化された、大規模な個別化臓器線量計算が可能である。
  • DICOM準拠の出力は、臨床ワークフローや大規模線量測定研究への統合を容易にする。