体組成と原発開放隅角緑内障のリスクとの関連
Jianqi Chen1, Yue Xiao1, Xiaohong Chen1
1State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China.
American journal of ophthalmology
|December 21, 2025
まとめ
脚の脂肪が多いほど、原発開放隅角緑内障(POAG)のリスクは低くなります。POAGのリスクと眼圧(IOP)には、単なるボディマス指数ではなく、体組成が影響します。
科学分野:
- 眼科学
- 代謝健康
- 疫学
背景:
- ボディマス指数(BMI)と原発開放隅角緑内障(POAG)との関連は一貫していません。
- BMIは脂肪量と除脂肪量を区別できず、体組成の分布を捉えられません。
- 特定の体組成指標がPOAGのリスクに与える影響は、ほとんど調べられていません。
研究 の 目的:
- 体組成(脂肪と筋肉量の分布)とPOAGのリスクとの関連を調査すること。
- 体組成と眼圧(IOP)の関係を調べること。
主な方法:
- UKバイオバンクのデータ(IOPについては88,123人、POAG発生率については291,983人)を使用した、横断研究とコホート研究の組み合わせ。
- バイオインピーダンス分析により、身長で正規化された腕、体幹、脚の脂肪量と筋肉量を推定しました。
- 共変量調整コックスモデルを使用してPOAG発生率のハザード比(HR)を推定し、線形回帰を使用してIOPとの関連を評価しました。
主要な成果:
- 脚の脂肪量が多いほど、脚の脂肪指数(LFI)と脚の脂肪対筋肉比(FMR)で示されるように、POAGのリスクが有意に低下しました(HR < 1、P < .01)。
- 筋肉量とPOAGの発生率との間には有意な関連は見られませんでした。
- 脂肪量が多いほど眼圧が高くなることが関連していました(AFI、LFI、TFIの正のβ係数)。
- 脚の筋肉指数(LMI)と体幹の筋肉指数(TMI)が多いほど眼圧が低くなることが関連していました(負のβ係数)。
結論:
- POAGのリスクは、体組成パターン、特に脂肪の分布の影響を受けます。
- 十分な脚の脂肪を特徴とする健康的な体組成を維持することは、POAGのリスクを軽減する上で役割を果たす可能性があります。
- 体組成は、BMI単独よりもPOAGのリスクをより微妙に理解することができます。
関連する概念動画
Glaucoma: Overview
1.2K
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
1.2K
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment
928
In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
928
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment
1.1K
Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
1.1K
Obesity
1.1K
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
1.1K
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction
847
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
847
Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution
221
Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
221


