強直性脊椎炎における腸内細菌叢の変化とその疾患活動性との相関
Hyemin Jeong1, Hoonhee Seo2, Sukyung Kim2
1Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea.
Journal of microbiology and biotechnology
|December 21, 2025
まとめ
強直性脊椎炎(AS)患者は腸内細菌の変化を示し、プロテオバクテリアが増加し、有益な微生物が減少する。疾患活動性は微生物多様性の低下と潜在的バイオマーカーであるコプロバクターの増加と相関する。
科学分野:
- マイクロバイオーム研究
- 免疫学
- 消化器病学
背景:
- 腸内細菌叢は免疫系の調節において重要な役割を果たしている。
- 強直性脊椎炎(AS)では、腸内ジスバイオーシスと免疫不全が観察されている。
- AS特異的な微生物の変化を理解することは、疾患バイオマーカーの同定にとって不可欠である。
研究 の 目的:
- 強直性脊椎炎(AS)患者における明確な腸内微生物プロファイルを特徴づけること。
- AS疾患活動性に関連する微生物バイオマーカーを同定すること。
主な方法:
- 44名のAS患者と50名の健常対照群(HC)から採取した便サンプルの16S rRNAシーケンシング。
- 微生物のα多様性とβ多様性の評価。
- 微生物叢の豊富さと疾患活動性スコア(ASDAS-CRP、BASDAI)との相関分析。
主要な成果:
- AS患者は健常対照群(HC)と比較して異なるβ多様性を示し、プロテオバクテリア(ガンマプロテオバクテリア、エンテロバクター目)の増加と、有益な分類群(フィルミクテス門、ファエカリバクテリウム属)の減少が見られた。
- AS患者では、疾患活動性が高いほどα多様性の低下と関連していた。
- コプロバクター属の豊富さは、BASDAIおよびASDAS-CRPスコアの両方と正の相関を示した。
結論:
- 強直性脊椎炎患者は、プロテオバクテリアの拡大と有益な細菌の減少を特徴とする、明確な腸内細菌叢組成を有している。
- ASにおけるα多様性の低下は、疾患活動性の高さと相関する。
- コプロバクター属は、AS疾患活動性の予測バイオマーカーとしての可能性を示す。
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