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消化管脳相互作用障害における回避性・制限性食物摂取障害
Madeline Berschback1, Sophie Abber2, Janelle Smith3
1Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Best practice & research. Clinical gastroenterology
|December 21, 2025
まとめ
回避性・制限性食物摂取障害(ARFID)は、体重への懸念によって引き起こされない摂食障害です。消化管脳相互作用に著しく影響を与えるため、効果的な治療には集学的管理が必要です。
科学分野:
- 消化器病学; 精神医学; 栄養科学
背景:
- 回避性・制限性食物摂取障害(ARFID)は、医学的または心理社会的結果を伴う食物回避/制限によって特徴付けられます。; ARFIDは、体重や体型への懸念によって引き起こされない点で、他の摂食障害とは異なります。; ARFIDの主な動機には、食欲不振、食事の結果への恐怖、感覚過敏が含まれます。
研究 の 目的:
- 消化管脳相互作用障害(DGBI)を有する患者におけるARFIDの同定と管理のための実践的な枠組みを提供すること。; ARFIDとDGBIの間の双方向の関係を強調すること。
主な方法:
- このナラティブレビューは、ARFIDとDGBIに関する現在のエビデンスを統合します。; 9項目ARFIDスクリーニング(NIAS)やPARDI-AR-Qなどのスクリーニング機器について議論します。; DGBI患者における検証済みのカットオフスコアの必要性を強調します。
主要な成果:
- GI症状がARFIDを誘発し、ARFIDがGI症状を悪化させるという双方向の関係が存在します。; スクリーニングツールは同定に役立ちますが、DGBI集団に対するさらなる検証が必要です。; 消化器内科医、心理学者、RDNを含む集学的ケアが不可欠です。
結論:
- GI症状、行動療法、栄養サポートの統合管理が不可欠です。; 食事摂取量の拡大と制限の軽減が主な治療目標です。; 協調的なアプローチは、DGBIの文脈におけるARFIDの効果的な管理に不可欠です。
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