スペインにおける自殺死亡率(2010-2022年):時間的傾向、空間的パターン、および危険因子
Aritz Adin1,2,3, Garazi Retegui4,5, Almudena Sánchez Villegas6,7,8
1Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Mathematics, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain. aritz.adin@unavarra.es.
International journal of health geographics
|December 21, 2025
まとめ
スペインにおける自殺死亡率は明確な性差を示しており、農村性は男性に、失業率は女性に影響を与えている。男性の死亡率は依然として高いものの、女性の自殺死亡率は増加傾向にある。
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生;疫学;社会学
背景:
- 自殺は世界的な公衆衛生上の問題であり、年間70万人以上の死者を出している。スペインでは、男性の死亡率は安定しているのに対し、女性の自殺死亡率は増加している。自殺の空間的および時間的パターンを理解することは、標的を絞った介入のために不可欠である。
研究 の 目的:
- 2010年から2022年までのスペインにおける年齢層別自殺死亡率のパターンを調査する。自殺死亡率における性差を調査する。自殺の社会経済的および文脈的決定要因を特定する。
主な方法:
- 混合ポアソンモデルを用いて、県別および時間的な分析を行った。年齢および性別に層別化して分析を行った。モデルでは、農村性や失業率を含む空間的および時間的交絡効果を考慮した。
主要な成果:
- 農村性は男性の自殺死亡率を有意に増加させた(農村性の10%増加で男性死亡率が5%以上増加)。失業率は女性の自殺死亡率を有意に増加させた(失業率の1%増加で女性死亡率が2.4%増加)。女性の自殺死亡率は一貫して増加傾向を示しているが、男性の死亡率は依然として高い。
結論:
- 洗練された統計モデルにより、スペインの自殺死亡率における地理的および時間的な格差が明らかになった。農村性と失業率は、性別に特化した自殺パターンに影響を与える重要な要因である。これらの調査結果は、女性の自殺率の上昇に対処するための、個別化された公衆衛生戦略の必要性を強調している。
関連する概念動画
Applications of Life Tables
310
Life tables are versatile across various fields, providing a quantitative basis for analyzing mortality and survival rates. Whether used by demographers, actuaries, epidemiologists, or sociologists, life tables offer valuable insights into the dynamics of life and death, facilitating informed decisions in public health, insurance, conservation, and beyond. Their broad applicability highlights the interconnectedness of demographic data with practical outcomes in everyday life and strategic...
310
Actuarial Approach
276
The actuarial approach, a statistical method originally developed for life insurance risk assessment, is widely used to calculate survival rates in clinical and population studies. This method accounts for participants lost to follow-up or those who die from causes unrelated to the study, ensuring a more accurate representation of survival probabilities.
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
276
Cancer Survival Analysis
629
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
629
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
443
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
443
Introduction To Survival Analysis
712
Survival analysis is a statistical method used to study time-to-event data, where the "event" might represent outcomes like death, disease relapse, system failure, or recovery. A unique feature of survival data is censoring, which occurs when the event of interest has not been observed for some individuals during the study period. This requires specialized techniques to handle incomplete data effectively.
The primary goal of survival analysis is to estimate survival time—the time...
The primary goal of survival analysis is to estimate survival time—the time...
712
Survival Curves
620
Survival curves are graphical representations that depict the survival experience of a population over time, offering an intuitive way to track the proportion of individuals who remain event-free at each time point. These curves are widely used in fields such as medicine, public health, and reliability engineering to visualize and compare survival probabilities across different groups or conditions.
The Kaplan-Meier estimator is the most common method for constructing survival curves. This...
The Kaplan-Meier estimator is the most common method for constructing survival curves. This...
620


