Scalloped tongue: an additional, accessible and useful tool to detect severe obstructive sleep apnea?
Francisca Nieto Guimarães1, Joana Canadas1, Maria Gonçalves Cunha1
1Pulmonology Department, Vila Franca de Xira Hospital, Vila Franca de Xira, Portugal.
まとめ
Scalloped tongue (ST) is a significant indicator of severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This finding suggests incorporating tongue assessment into OSA screening can help identify severe cases needing early treatment.
科学分野:
- 睡眠医学
- 耳鼻咽喉科
- 呼吸器医学
背景:
- 閉塞性睡眠時無呼吸(OSA)のリスクは、上気道の解剖学的構造に影響されます。
- 舌の縁がギザギザ(ST)と夜間の間欠性低酸素症との関連性を示すエビデンスは限られています。
- OSA、特に重度のOSAの臨床指標としてのSTの調査は非常に重要です。
研究 の 目的:
- 舌の縁がギザギザ(ST)であることが、閉塞性睡眠時無呼吸(OSA)の臨床指標となり得るかを判断すること。
- STと重度のOSAとの関連性を評価すること。
- 酸素飽和度低下指数(ODI)のような夜間の間欠性低酸素症の指標とSTとの相関を評価すること。
主な方法:
- ブラジルで終夜睡眠ポリグラフ検査を受けた160人の患者が参加した研究。
- 人口統計、BMI、頸囲(NC)、STの有無、エプワース眠気尺度、無呼吸低呼吸指数、およびODIのデータ収集。
- 統計解析にはロジスティック回帰モデルと重回帰モデルを使用しました。
主要な成果:
- 重度のOSA患者の90%が検査を受け、そのうち41%が重度と分類されました。
- 高齢、頸囲(NC)の広さ、BMIの高さ、およびSTは、重度のOSAのリスク増加と関連していました。
- STの存在は、ODI(p=0.001)の増加と有意に関連しており、調整後も1時間あたり6.723増加しました。
- NC≥40cmとSTの組み合わせは、重度のOSAのリスクを著しく増加させました(OR 4.210、p<0.001)。
結論:
- 舌の縁がギザギザ(ST)であることは、重度の閉塞性睡眠時無呼吸(OSA)の重要な臨床指標です。
- STの存在は、夜間の間欠性低酸素症の増加と独立して関連しています。
- OSAスクリーニングにSTと頸囲の評価を統合することで、早期介入を必要とする重症例の早期特定に役立つ可能性があります。
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