慢性不眠症:PTSD症状も併発しているのか?
Emma Lardant1, François Vialatte2, Céline Ramdani1
1Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France.
まとめ
小児期のトラウマは慢性不眠症患者に共通しており、半数以上が心的外傷後ストレス障害(PTSD)の症状を経験している。不眠症とPTSDの関連は性別によって異なる可能性があり、不眠症患者に対するPTSDの標的スクリーニングが示唆される。
科学分野:
- 精神医学
- 睡眠医学
- トラウマ研究
背景:
- 不眠症は、他の健康問題としばしば関連する一般的な状態である。
- 不眠症の起源は完全には理解されていないが、有害な小児期イベント(ACE)がますます認識されている。
- 心的外傷後ストレス障害(PTSD)は睡眠障害としばしば併存するが、PTSDを伴う不眠症における小児期トラウマの特定の役割は不明確である。
研究 の 目的:
- 慢性不眠症患者におけるトラウマ体験およびPTSD症状の有病率を調査すること。
- 不眠症、PTSD、および性別などの人口統計学的要因との関連を調査すること。
主な方法:
- 慢性不眠症と診断された43人の患者を対象とした探索的研究。
- トラウマ歴質問票(THQ)およびPTSDチェックリスト(PCL-5)を用いた系統的な評価。
主要な成果:
- 不眠症コホートにおいて、トラウマイベント(83.72%)およびPTSD症状(53.49%)の高い有病率が認められた。
- 患者の相当数が、小児期または青年期の不眠症発症を報告した。
- PTSD症状の重症度(PCL-5スコア)は、不眠症の重症度(ISIスコア)と相関していた。
- 女性では不眠症の重症度が高く、このグループではPTSD症状およびトラウマ歴との関連が見られた。
結論:
- PTSD症状と不眠症の関連は、性別特異的である可能性がある。
- 慢性不眠症と診断された個人に対するPTSD症状のスクリーニングは極めて重要である。
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