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関連する概念動画

Gene-Environment Interactions01:20

Gene-Environment Interactions

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Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
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Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

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Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
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Environmental Influences on Intelligence01:29

Environmental Influences on Intelligence

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Despite the strong genetic influence on traits like intelligence, environmental factors significantly shape outcomes. For example, while over 90% of height variation is due to genetic differences, environmental factors such as nutrition also have a notable impact. Similarly, for intelligence, changes in a child's surroundings can significantly alter their IQ. Research shows that enriched environments boost children's academic success and help them develop key cognitive skills. Children...
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Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

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Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
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Genetic Screens02:46

Genetic Screens

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Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
Forward genetic screens
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Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs01:23

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Behavior genetics explores how genetic inheritance influences human behavior. It focuses on how genes, passed from parents to offspring, contribute to the development of behavioral traits and tendencies. This branch of genetics seeks to understand the complex interplay between inherited genetic factors and environmental influences in shaping our behaviors.
The primary methodologies used in behavior genetics include family studies, twin studies, and adoption studies, each providing unique...
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Using Cholesky Decomposition to Explore Individual Differences in Longitudinal Relations between Reading Skills
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読解能力における遺伝子と環境の相互作用

Amaia Carrión-Castillo1,2, Manuel Carreiras1,2,3, Marie Lallier1,2

  • 1Basque Center on Cognition, Brain, and Language (BCBL), Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.

Developmental science
|December 22, 2025
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

遺伝的要因と環境的要因の両方が読解能力に大きく影響する。本研究では、これらの要因が相互作用し、多因子遺伝子スコア（PGS）と社会経済的指標が読解能力の分散を説明することを発見した。読解能力は、遺伝と環境の複雑な相互作用によって形成される。

キーワード:
読解能力遺伝子と環境の相互作用多因子遺伝子スコアABCDデータセット発達心理学神経科学行動遺伝学

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An Allele-specific Gene Expression Assay to Test the Functional Basis of Genetic Associations
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Last Updated: Jan 8, 2026

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科学分野:

  • 認知神経科学; 行動遺伝学; 発達心理学

背景:

  • 遺伝的要因は、読解能力および認知プロセスに寄与することが認識されている。
  • 読解結果に対する遺伝的および環境的影響の複雑な相互作用は、さらなる調査が必要である。

研究 の 目的:

  • 遺伝的および環境的要因の組み合わせおよび相互作用効果が読解能力に与える影響を調査すること。
  • 遺伝子と環境の相互作用を分析することにより、読解能力の根底にある複雑なメカニズムを解明すること。

主な方法:

  • Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) データセットを利用した。
  • 遺伝的リスクのための多因子遺伝子スコア（PGS）および環境変数として社会経済的指標（収入、親の教育）および言語的要因（バイリンガリズム、L1）を用いた。
  • 読解能力に対するPGSおよび環境要因の個別および複合効果を、他の認知結果に対する感度分析を含めて分析した。

主要な成果:

  • 遺伝的要因（PGS）と環境的要因の両方が読解能力を有意に予測し、同様の分散範囲を説明した。
  • 加算効果が観察され、環境調整後もPGSは有意であり、部分的な遺伝子-環境相関を示唆した。
  • 複数のPGS分析により予測力が向上し、読解能力の分散の最大10%を説明し、読解結果に対する特異性を示した。

結論:

  • 読解能力は、遺伝的および環境的要因の両方の有意で相互に関連する寄与によって形成される。
  • 本研究は、読解発達に影響を与える複雑な遺伝子-環境相互作用を強調する。
  • 本研究の結果は、読解能力を理解するために、遺伝的素因と環境的文脈の両方を考慮することの重要性を強調する。