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Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

47.9K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
47.9K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

16.7K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
16.7K
Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

16.0K
Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
16.0K
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

11.1K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
11.1K
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

30.4K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
30.4K
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

20.4K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Chemical Synthesis of Porous Barium Titanate Thin Film and Thermal Stabilization of Ferroelectric Phase by Porosity-Induced Strain
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チタンリン酸ガラス：四面体ネットワーク構造を超えて

Esther Girón Lange1,2, Randall E Youngman3, Bruce G Aitken3

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom.

The Journal of chemical physics
|December 22, 2025
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

チタンリン酸ガラスは構造的多様性を示し、チタン含有量が増加するにつれてP-O-P結合が減少し、チタンの配位数が増加する。この構造的柔軟性がガラス形成の鍵となる。

キーワード:
チタンリン酸ガラスガラス形成構造配位数分光法回折NMR

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Spark Plasma Sintering Apparatus Used for the Formation of Strontium Titanate Bicrystals
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Synthesis and Exfoliation of Discotic Zirconium Phosphates to Obtain Colloidal Liquid Crystals
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Chemical Synthesis of Porous Barium Titanate Thin Film and Thermal Stabilization of Ferroelectric Phase by Porosity-Induced Strain
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Spark Plasma Sintering Apparatus Used for the Formation of Strontium Titanate Bicrystals
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Synthesis and Exfoliation of Discotic Zirconium Phosphates to Obtain Colloidal Liquid Crystals
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Synthesis and Exfoliation of Discotic Zirconium Phosphates to Obtain Colloidal Liquid Crystals

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科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • 固体化学
  • ガラス科学

背景:

  • チタンリン酸ガラスは非典型的なガラス形成系である。
  • それらの構造を理解することは、新素材開発にとって重要である。
  • 以前の研究では、これらのガラスに関する詳細な構造的洞察が不足していた。

研究 の 目的:

  • チタンリン酸ガラス(TiO2)x(P2O5)1-xの構造を解明すること。
  • 構造モチーフの組成依存性を決定すること。
  • 将来のガラス構造調査のベンチマークを提供すること。

主な方法:

  • 中性子および高エネルギーX線回折の組み合わせ。
  • 固体31P核磁気共鳴（NMR）分光法。
  • ラマン分光法およびab initio分子動力学シミュレーション。

主要な成果:

  • TiO2含有量の増加に伴うP-O-P結合の23%から11%への減少。
  • Ti-O配位数の5.32(7)から5.49(7)への増加。
  • 5配位および6配位チタンの優位性と、O(II)およびO(III)酸素原子の共存。

結論:

  • Tiの配位数や酸素環境を含む構造的多様性がガラス化を促進する。
  • リン酸基はP-O(II)-TiおよびP-O(III)-2Ti結合を形成する。
  • これらの発見は、高配位多面体を持つ系におけるガラス形成に関する洞察を提供する。