認知症診断または認知機能障害は在宅介護費用を予測するために含めるべきか?実世界データを用いた観察研究
Flurina Meier-Schwarzer1,2,3, Nicole Probst-Hensch4,5, Marc Höglinger6
1Winterthur Institute of Health Economics, School of Management and Law, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland. flurina.meier@zhaw.ch.
BMC health services research
|December 22, 2025
まとめ
認知症診断は在宅看護費用の予測を大幅に改善しない。日常生活動作(ADL)や手段的日常生活動作(IADL)といった標準的な予測因子は費用を適切に予測するため、認知症に特化した調整は不要である。
科学分野:
- 老年医学;医療経済学;医療サービス研究
背景:
- 認知症診断は、メディケア優遇リスク調整モデルに組み込まれることを検討されている。;スイスでは、長期ケアにおける認知症患者の特別料金体系が検討されている。;在宅看護費用に対する認知症診断の予測値は議論の的となっている。
研究 の 目的:
- 認知症診断を含めることが在宅介護費用の予測を改善するかどうかを判断すること。;認知機能障害指標が費用予測に与える影響を評価すること。;認知症/認知機能障害データありとなしの予測モデルを比較すること。
主な方法:
- スイスの在宅介護提供者からの観察的多施設研究データを分析した。;interRAI-Home Careアセスメントと管理データを用いて費用を予測した。;一般化線形モデル(ガンマ対数リンク)を用いて費用を予測した。
主要な成果:
- 1,035人の患者の17%が認知症と診断され、平均費用は高かった(CHF 1,082対CHF 720)。;日常生活動作(ADL)および手段的日常生活動作(IADL)が主要な予測因子であった。;認知症診断または認知機能障害を追加しても、予測パフォーマンスは実質的に改善しなかった。
結論:
- 調査結果は、認知症患者に対する差別化された払い戻しまたはリスク調整を支持しない。;ADLおよびIADL障害のような一般的な予測因子は、在宅看護費用を適切に予測する。;検証のためには、多様な国際サンプルでのさらなる研究が必要である。
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