医薬品と腸内細菌叢：医薬品と腸内細菌叢の相互作用

Sakha Al-Btoosh¹, Ryan F Donnelly¹, Stephen A Kelly^1,2

¹School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.

Gut microbes

|December 23, 2025

まとめ

腸内細菌叢は、薬剤を代謝することにより、薬物応答に大きく影響します。この相互作用を理解することは、個別化医療アプローチを通じて治療を最適化し、副作用を軽減するための鍵となります。

科学分野:

微生物学; 薬理学; ゲノミクス

背景:

ヒトの腸内細菌叢は広大な遺伝子プールを持ち、薬物応答に影響を与える代謝器官として機能します。; 腸内細菌は、薬物を変換、不活性化、または蓄積する可能性があり、その有効性と毒性に大きく影響します。; この相互作用は双方向であり、薬剤も同様に細菌叢の組成と機能を変化させます。

主な方法:

薬物と細菌叢の相互作用に関する既存の文献のレビュー。; 6つの主要な薬物クラス（免疫療法薬、化学療法薬、抗うつ薬、スタチン、低血糖薬、降圧薬）の分析。; これらの相互作用を研究するための実験モデル（in vitro、動物、臨床）の比較。

結論:

腸内細菌叢は、薬物応答と毒性における重要な要因です。; 細菌叢調節戦略（プロバイオティクス、プレバイオティクス、FMT）は、薬物有効性を高める可能性を示しています。; 腸内細菌叢の組成は、個別化医療の予測バイオマーカーとして機能する可能性があります。; 薬物と細菌叢の相互作用を活用することは、新しい治療機会を提供します。

キーワード:

薬物代謝腸マイクロバイオームマイクロバイオーム調節個別化医療医薬品

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