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Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
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Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:27

Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
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Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
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Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy01:25

Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy

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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
Fundamental Principles of PET
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Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI01:14

Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI

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Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
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Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
Computed Tomography (CT) scans use X-ray technology to generate detailed images of bones, organs, and tissues. During the scan, the patient lies on a moving table...
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アルツハイマー病イメージングコンソーシアム

Cyrus A Raji1, Somayeh Meysami2,3, Soojin Lee4

  • 1Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
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PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

2型糖尿病と高い内臓脂肪は、特にアルツハイマー病(AD)の影響を受けやすい領域における脳容積の減少と関連しています。これらの要因は、神経変性に対する中年期の予防戦略の重要な標的となります。

キーワード:
アルツハイマー病2型糖尿病内臓脂肪脳容積神経変性予防中年期

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Visualization of Amyloid &#946; Deposits in the Human Brain with Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry
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Lesion Explorer: A Video-guided, Standardized Protocol for Accurate and Reliable MRI-derived Volumetrics in Alzheimer's Disease and Normal Elderly
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Visualization of Amyloid &#946; Deposits in the Human Brain with Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry
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科学分野:

  • 神経科学; 内分泌学; 放射線学

背景:

  • アルツハイマー病(AD)を含む認知症は、予防可能であり、症例の最大45%が修正可能な危険因子に関連していることがますます認識されています。; 高い内臓脂肪は、海馬や後帯状回など、早期AD病理の影響を受けやすい脳領域の萎縮と関連しています。

研究 の 目的:

  • 脳容積減少(神経変性の主要な指標)に対する高内臓脂肪と2型糖尿病併存症の影響を調査すること。; 内臓脂肪蓄積、2型糖尿病、および特定の神経解剖学的領域における脳萎縮の関係を探求すること。

主な方法:

  • 1.5Tでの全身MRIを使用した4,213人の成人を対象とした横断研究。; 深層学習モデルにより、海馬や後帯状回を含む内臓脂肪組織(VAT)および脳容積が定量化されました。; 分析では、年齢、性別、および頭蓋内総容積を調整して、2型糖尿病および高VATを持つ個人と対照群の脳容積を比較しました。

主要な成果:

  • 2型糖尿病およびVAT(内臓脂肪組織)の最も高い四分位数を持つ個人は、全脳実質容積が有意に低いことが示されました。; 海馬および後帯状回容積の減少は、高VATを持つ2型糖尿病患者で観察されました。; 群間での紡錘状回容積に有意差は見られませんでした。

結論:

  • 2型糖尿病と高内臓脂肪の併存は、アルツハイマー病の影響を受けやすい領域における脳容積の減少と関連しています。; これらの所見は、中年期であっても、ADの二次予防において2型糖尿病と内臓肥満が重要な標的であることを強調しています。; 2型糖尿病や内臓肥満などの修正可能な危険因子は、生活習慣や薬理学的介入によるADリスク軽減のための有望な道を提供します。