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Primary Healthcare Services01:30

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Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
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Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
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公衆衛生

Alissa Kurzman1, Bruce Albala1,2,3, Xueting Ding1

  • 1Joe C Wen School of Population & Public Health, Henry and Susan Samueli College of of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.

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まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

教育水準が低いことは、ラテン系およびベトナム系成人におけるモンタリオール認知評価(MoCA)などの認知機能検査のスコアが低いことと関連している。これは、多様な集団における認知機能障害の正確なスクリーニングのために、文化的に適切な評価の必要性を強調する。

キーワード:
公衆衛生認知機能教育ラテン系ベトナム系モンタリオール認知評価文化民族高齢者神経心理学的評価

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科学分野:

  • 神経科学
  • 公衆衛生
  • 老年医学

背景:

  • 人種的および民族的マイノリティは、米国においてアルツハイマー病および関連認知症(ADRD)の負担が不均衡に大きい。
  • ラテン系およびベトナム系アメリカ人集団は、ADRDのリスクが高い。
  • 正確な認知スクリーニングは、早期のADRD介入にとって重要であるが、教育的および文化的要因が評価のパフォーマンスに影響を与える可能性がある。

研究 の 目的:

  • ラテン系およびベトナム系成人におけるモンタリオール認知評価(MoCA)の認知機能と教育達成度の関係を調査すること。
  • これらの集団における教育水準によって最も影響を受ける特定の認知領域を特定すること。
  • 文化的に適切な認知評価の開発に役立てること。

主な方法:

  • 地域ベースのオレンジ郡における血管イベント削減のためのスキルベース教育戦略(SERVE OC)トライアルのデータを利用した。
  • 292人のランダム化されたラテン系およびベトナム系参加者(18歳以上)のベースラインMoCA合計スコアおよび領域スコアを分析した。
  • 教育(8年以下対8年以上)とMoCAパフォーマンスとの関連を評価するために、共変量を調整した多変量回帰モデルを使用した。

主要な成果:

  • 教育年数が8年以下の参加者は、MoCA合計スコアが有意に低いことを示した。ラテン系アメリカ人では、教育水準の低さが視空間/実行機能、注意、言語領域のパフォーマンス低下と関連していた。ベトナム系参加者では、教育水準の低さが抽象化領域のスコア低下と関連していた。ラテン系アメリカ人では、ベトナム系アメリカ人よりも平均MoCAスコアが低かった。

結論:

  • 教育水準は、特に特定の認知領域において、MoCAのパフォーマンスに有意に影響を与える。
  • 教育格差を考慮した、文化的に適切で検証済みの認知評価の重要な必要性がある。
  • 今後の研究では、世界中の多様な低教育集団における認知評価の検証に焦点を当てるべきである。