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Primary Healthcare Services01:30

Primary Healthcare Services

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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
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Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention01:26

Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

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Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
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Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

Preventive Healthcare Services

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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Principles of Disease Surveillance01:26

Principles of Disease Surveillance

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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Healthcare Agencies II01:17

Healthcare Agencies II

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There are various healthcare agencies in the United States—some of which are managed by religious institutions and others by different government branches.
Parish nursing is a growing specialty nursing profession that focuses on holistic healthcare, health promotion, and illness prevention. It blends professional nursing practice with a health ministry, focusing on health and healing within the context of a Christian community. Parish nurses serve as health educators, referral sources,...
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Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System01:26

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

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At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
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Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
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公衆衛生

Masroor Anwar1

  • 1All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 23, 2025
PubMed
まとめ

アルツハイマー病(AD)患者の血液中のアルミニウム(Al)、銅(Cu)、亜鉛(Zn)を含む微量元素レベルを分析した。AD患者は健康な対照群と比較して、血液中の亜鉛レベルが有意に高かった。

科学分野:

  • 神経科学; 生化学; 医学研究

背景:

  • 微量元素の調節不全は神経変性疾患に関与している。; アルミニウム(Al)、銅(Cu)、亜鉛(Zn)などの金属のアルツハイマー病(AD)発症における特定の役割は、さらなる調査が必要である。; ADの主要な病理学的特徴であるアミロイドβ(Aβ)とタウの両方は、金属結合タンパク質である。

研究 の 目的:

  • Al、Cu、Znの血液中濃度を定量的に分析する。; AD患者と健常対照群の間で微量元素レベルを比較する。

主な方法:

  • 45人の参加者(健常対照群20人、AD患者25人)のコホートを募集した。; ICP-MS(誘導結合プラズマ質量分析法)を用いて、Al、Cu、Znの血液レベルを測定した。; 認知機能は、Hindi Mini-Mental State Examination(HMSE)を用いて評価した。

主要な成果:

  • アルミニウム(Al)および銅(Cu)レベルはAD患者で高かったが、統計学的な有意差はなかった。; AD患者では対照群と比較して亜鉛(Zn)濃度が有意に上昇した(p=0.0002)。; HMSEスコアはAD群(12.65 ± 1.334)で対照群(27.65 ± 0.3529)よりも著しく低かった。

結論:

  • AD患者では、Al、Cu、Znの血液中濃度の上昇が観察された。; AD患者における血液中亜鉛レベルの有意な増加は、疾患進行におけるその役割についてのさらなる研究に値する。; AlおよびCuはレベルの上昇を示したが、ADとの関連についてはさらなる調査が必要である。
キーワード:
微量元素アルツハイマー病亜鉛銅アルミニウム

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