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Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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公衆衛生

Candidus Nwakasi1, Anthony Q Briggs2,3,4, Darlingtina Esiaka5,6

  • 1University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.

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まとめ

主観的認知低下（SCD）は、特にHIV陽性者においてアルツハイマー病と関連している。健康状態とグリットの向上は、HIV陽性の高齢ナイジェリア人におけるSCDのリスクを軽減する可能性があり、将来の介入に役立つ。

キーワード:
公衆衛生HIV感染症認知機能低下高齢者ナイジェリア健康状態グリット

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科学分野:

  • 神経科学;公衆衛生;老年医学

背景:

  • 持続的な主観的認知低下（SCD）は、特にHIV陽性者において、アルツハイマー病および関連認知症（ADRD）のリスクを高める。;HIV陽性者の高齢化人口は増加しているが、この人口集団、特にナイジェリア人におけるSCDの研究は限られている。;健康状態とグリット（非認知的特性）は、認知機能の潜在的な予測因子であり、SCDに影響を与える可能性がある。

研究 の 目的:

  • HIV陽性の成人ナイジェリア人におけるSCDに対する健康状態とグリットの影響を調査する。;健康状態とSCDの関連におけるグリットの調整的役割を検討する。;将来の研究の基礎を提供し、HIV陽性の高齢成人に対する認知健康介入に情報を提供する。

主な方法:

  • HIV陽性の成人ナイジェリア人117人を対象とした横断研究。;参加者は、社会人口統計学的要因、健康状態、非認知的特性（グリット、回復力）、およびSCDに関する質問票に回答した。;共変量を調整して、健康状態とSCDの関連、およびグリットの調整効果を分析するために多変量線形回帰を使用した。

主要な成果:

  • 良好な主観的健康状態はSCDと負の相関があった（ß = -12.664、p < .001）。;グリットはSCDと正の相関があった（ß = 1.135、p < .001）が、SCDと主観的健康状態の関係を調整し、主観的健康状態がSCDに与える影響を軽減した（ß = -0.405、p < .001）。;結婚しているか同棲していることは、SCDの低下と関連していた（ß = 2.907、p < .006）が、集団主義的な見方が高いほどSCDが高いことと相関していた（ß = 2.907、p < .008）。

結論:

  • 健康状態とグリットは、HIV陽性の高齢ナイジェリア人の主観的認知低下に有意に影響を与える。;グリットは、健康状態の悪さが認知低下に与える負の影響を軽減できる。;本研究の結果は、この脆弱な集団に対する標的を絞った認知健康介入の開発を支持する。