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関連する概念動画

Primary Healthcare Services01:30

Primary Healthcare Services

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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
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Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention01:26

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Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
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Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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There are various healthcare agencies in the United States—some of which are managed by religious institutions and others by different government branches.
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At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
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公衆衛生

Claudia Kimie Suemoto1, Wyllians Vendramini Borelli2,3,4,5, Ismael Luis Calandri6,7

  • 1Division of Geriatrics, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

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まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

修正可能な14のリスク要因に対処することで、ブラジルにおける認知症の症例のほぼ60％が予防可能である。教育や視力低下などの要因をターゲットにすることで、特に女性の認知症リスクを大幅に軽減できる。

キーワード:
公衆衛生認知症予防リスク要因ブラジル疫学修正可能なリスク要因人口寄与率コホート研究コホート研究コホート研究

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科学分野:

  • 神経学;公衆衛生;疫学

背景:

  • 2024年のランセット委員会は、14の修正可能な認知症リスク要因を特定しました。;低中所得国（LMICs）は、リスク要因の有病率が高いため、認知症予防の大きな機会をもたらします。

研究 の 目的:

  • 14の修正可能なリスク要因に起因するブラジルにおける認知症予防の可能性を決定すること。;ブラジルにおける認知症予防の可能性について、LMIC（低中所得国）固有の最初の数値を提示すること。

主な方法:

  • ELSI-Brazil研究（2019-2021）の50歳以上の参加者9,949人のデータ分析。;ランセット委員会の相対リスクを使用して、修正可能なリスク要因の有病率を推定し、人口寄与率（PAF）を計算しました。;因子共分散を考慮した主成分分析と、性別、人種、地域別の層別分析。

主要な成果:

  • 14の修正可能なリスク要因による全体的なPAFは59.5%でした。;主な要因は、教育水準の低さ（9.5%）、未治療の視力喪失（9.2%）、および中年期のうつ病（6.3%）でした。;認知症リスクの軽減の可能性は、女性（61.1%）の方が男性（58.2%）よりも高く、人種や地域によるPAFは同様でした。

結論:

  • 14の修正可能なリスク要因に対処することで、ブラジルにおける認知症症例のほぼ60％を予防できる可能性があります。;ブラジルの認知症負担を軽減するために、性別に合わせた公衆衛生戦略が推奨されます。