公衆衛生
Katsuya Nakamura1, Kazuki Kasuga2, Chinami Yuzawa2
1Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 23, 2025
まとめ
本研究は、遺伝性アルツハイマー病(AD)の日本人患者において、新規PSEN2遺伝子バリアントを特定するものである。この発見は、ADのまれな遺伝的原因と潜在的な治療標的の理解を深めるものである。
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 遺伝学
- 分子生物学
背景:
- 遺伝性アルツハイマー病(AD)は、APP、PSEN1、PSEN2遺伝子のバリアントに関連している。
- PSEN2バリアントは家族性ADの稀な原因である。
- ADにおける遺伝的異質性の理解は、診断と治療のために重要である。
研究 の 目的:
- PSEN2バリアントに関連する日本初の遺伝性AD症例を報告する。
- 新規PSEN2バリアントを有する患者の臨床的および遺伝的プロファイルを特徴づける。
- 稀なPSEN2関連ADの理解に貢献する。
主な方法:
- 遺伝性ADが疑われる患者の臨床評価。
- AD関連遺伝子の多遺伝子シーケンシングを含む遺伝子検査。
- 神経心理学的および神経放射線学的評価(MRI、アミロイドPET)。
主要な成果:
- 51歳の日本人女性が若年発症型認知症と認知症の家族歴を呈した。
- 臨床および画像所見はADと一致した。
- PSEN2(c.356T>G、p.Leu119Arg)における新規ヘテロ接合性ミスセンス変異が同定された。
- レカネマブ治療は50歳で開始された。
結論:
- これは日本におけるPSEN2バリアントを有する遺伝性AD患者の最初の報告である。
- 本研究は、ADにおける稀なPSEN2バリアントの遺伝子検査の重要性を強調する。
- 新規PSEN2バリアントの臨床的および遺伝的特徴に関するさらなる研究が保証される。
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