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Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Retroviral Scanning: Mapping MLV Integration Sites to Define Cell-specific Regulatory Regions

Retroviral Scanning: Mapping MLV Integration Sites to Define Cell-specific Regulatory Regions

Published on: May 28, 2017

RETREG1/FAM134Bを介したレトロウイルス-SERINC5の争奪戦におけるマイクロER-ファジー

Jim Maurice Camilleri¹, Iqbal Ahmad², Jing Zhang²

¹Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.

Autophagy reports

|December 24, 2025

Abstract:

Reticulophagy regulator 1 (RETREG1)/Family with sequence similarity 134 member B (FAM134B) is a selective endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-phagy receptor that mediates starvation-induced macro-ER-phagy, but whether it participates in other pathways mediating ER turnover has remained unclear. Here, we unveil a previously unrecognized role for RETREG1 in micro-ER-phagy and show how the murine leukemia virus (MLV) accessory protein glycosylated group-specific antigen (glycoGag) exploits this pathway to antagonize the host restriction factor SERINC5 (serine incorporator 5). GlycoGag binds SERINC5 in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and selectively recruits RETREG1 to eliminate SERINC5 through an autophagosome-independent process that bypasses ATG3 (autophagy-related), ATG5, ATG7, BECN1 (Beclin-1), LC3 (microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3) lipidation, and PIK3C3 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3)/hVPS34 (vacuolar protein sorting 34). RETREG1 knockout abolishes degradation of ER-retained SERINC5, whereas endolysosomal turnover of surface SERINC5 remains partially intact, demonstrating that glycoGag utilizes dual ER-phagy and endolysosomal routes to suppress SERINC5. These findings expand the functional repertoire of RETREG1 in autophagy, identify that retroviruses repurpose micro-ER-phagy to circumvent SERINC5-mediated restriction, and reveal ER-phagy as an understudied battleground in the ongoing arms race between cellular restriction factors and viral accessory proteins.

キーワード:

オートファジー ER-ファジー FAM134B RETREG1 SERINC5 グリコGag マイクロER-ファジー制限因子レチキュロファジーレトロウイルス

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Bidirectional Retroviral Integration Site PCR Methodology and Quantitative Data Analysis Workflow

Bidirectional Retroviral Integration Site PCR Methodology and Quantitative Data Analysis Workflow

Published on: June 14, 2017

Analysis of LINE-1 Retrotransposition at the Single Nucleus Level

Analysis of LINE-1 Retrotransposition at the Single Nucleus Level

Published on: April 23, 2016

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