子供と大人はなぜ他者が謝罪すると考えるのか?
1Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Korea.
The British journal of developmental psychology
|December 24, 2025
まとめ
子供と大人は謝罪の動機を理解する上で異なる。子供は人間関係に焦点を当てる一方、大人は罪悪感を考慮し、どちらの視点も意図的な危害か偶発的な危害かによって影響を受ける。
科学分野:
- 心理学; 発達心理学; 社会心理学
背景:
- 謝罪は、社会的関係の修復と維持に不可欠である。
- 謝罪の背後にある推測される動機についての理解は、十分に研究されていない。
- 動機は、内的(罪悪感、羞恥心)または外的(人間関係への配慮、罰の回避)であり得る。
研究 の 目的:
- 子供と大人が謝罪の動機をどのように帰属するかを調査する。
- 危害の意図性(意図的 vs. 偶発的)に基づく帰属を比較する。
- 謝罪の動機を理解する上での発達上の違いを探る。
主な方法:
- 5歳から6歳(N=64)の子供と成人(N=132)を対象とした研究。
- 意図的または偶発的な危害の物語を聞いた後、参加者は加害者の謝罪の動機を評価した。
- 4つの動機(罪悪感、羞恥心、人間関係への配慮、罰の回避)を評価した。
主要な成果:
- 子供は主に人間関係への配慮を謝罪の理由と考えた。大人は最も強く罪悪感を帰属させ、危害の意図性によって帰属が異なった。どちらの年齢層も、危害が意図的か偶発的かに応じて、動機帰属に違いを示した。
結論:
- 謝罪の動機を理解する上での発達上の大きな違いが存在する。
- 危害の意図性のような文脈的要因が、動機帰属に影響を与える。
- 謝罪の動機推測は複雑であり、年齢や状況によって異なる。
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