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Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Using the Threat Probability Task to Assess Anxiety and Fear During Uncertain and Certain Threat

Using the Threat Probability Task to Assess Anxiety and Fear During Uncertain and Certain Threat

Published on: September 12, 2014

大学生における社会的不安と問題のあるスマートフォン使用の重症度との関係における不確実性への不寛容の媒介効果

Sana Alavinikoo¹, Elyse F Hutcheson¹, Jon D Elhai^1,2

¹Department of Psychology, University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, OH 43606, USA.

Journal of personalized medicine

|December 24, 2025

Abstract:

Objectives: Prior research has found that social anxiety and intolerance of uncertainty (IU) are both related to problematic smartphone use (PSU) severity. However, research about the mediating effect of IU from social anxiety to PSU is limited. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of self-report online data from 329 college students in the United States, evaluating IU, social anxiety, and PSU through structural equation modeling. Results: We found that confirmatory factor analytic models of social anxiety, IU and PSU each fit well. Our overall structural equation model also indicated good fit, and IU acted as a significant mediator of the link between social anxiety and PSU severity. To test model specificity, we compared it with an alternative model that added a direct path from social anxiety to PSU. Although the alternative model showed slightly better fit, the improvement was minimal, and theoretical grounds supported keeping the simpler initial model. Conclusions: These results indicate that IU may represent a critical cognitive-affective mechanism linking social anxiety to PSU. PSU might function as a coping mechanism for some individuals to alleviate the negative emotion associated with social anxiety and IU.

キーワード:

不確実性への不寛容問題のあるスマートフォン使用社会的不安

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