乳児期早期の上肢機能:肩の生体力学および一般運動パターンとの関連
Lucía Fernanda Flores-Santy1,2, Daniela Celi-Lalama3, Juan Pablo Hervás-Pérez2
1MOVS Research Group, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 170525, Ecuador.
Pediatric reports
|December 24, 2025
まとめ
運動の質は肩の柔軟性よりも乳児の早期の上肢機能をより良く予測する。運動の質を評価することは、適時の介入のために微妙な神経運動異常を特定するのに役立つ。
科学分野:
- 神経発達小児科
- 乳児運動発達
- 運動科学
背景:
- 乳児介入のための神経発達軌跡の早期特定は非常に重要である。
- 関節可動性と早期機能パフォーマンスとの関連はよく理解されていない。
- 自発運動の質は早期運動能力の潜在的な指標である。
研究 の 目的:
- 3ヶ月未満の乳児における活動肩関節可動域と自発運動の質と早期上肢機能との関連を調査すること。
- 運動の質(Fidgety vs. Writhing)または肩の可動性が微細運動パフォーマンスを予測するかどうかを判断すること。
- これらの関係における潜在的な性差を探求すること。
主な方法:
- 32人の健康な乳児(<3ヶ月)の横断研究。
- ビデオ録画から運動の質(Fidgety/Writhing)を分類するための一般運動評価(GMA)。
- 微細運動スキルを評価するためのデンバーIIスクリーニングテストおよび活動肩関節外転測定のためのキノベア。
主要な成果:
- Fidgety movementを示す乳児は、Writhing movementを示す乳児と比較して、優れた微細運動パフォーマンスを示した。
- 活動肩関節可動域は微細運動パフォーマンスと有意な相関を示さなかった。
- 運動評価において性差は観察されなかった。
結論:
- 自発運動の質、特にFidgety movementの存在は、受動的な可動域よりも早期の上肢機能パフォーマンスとより強く関連していた。
- 運動の質評価を機能テストと統合することで、微妙な神経運動障害の早期検出を強化できる。
- このアプローチは、リスクのある乳児のための早期刺激戦略に情報を提供できる。
関連する概念動画
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age
3.3K
The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
3.3K
Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus
6.8K
The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
6.8K
Muscles that Move the Arm
4.5K
Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...
4.5K
Anatomical Movements
14.7K
Anatomical movements refer to the various actions or motions that can be performed by the body's joints and muscles. These movements are described using specific terms to provide a standardized way of discussing and understanding the range of motion at different joints.
Here are some common anatomical movements:
Flexion and extension motions are in the sagittal (anterior–posterior) plane of motion. These movements take place at the shoulder, hip, elbow, knee, wrist,...
Here are some common anatomical movements:
Flexion and extension motions are in the sagittal (anterior–posterior) plane of motion. These movements take place at the shoulder, hip, elbow, knee, wrist,...
14.7K
Development of the Limb Synovial Joints
2.2K
Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
2.2K
Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna
4.1K
The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
4.1K


