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関連する概念動画

Alkenes via Reductive Coupling of Aldehydes or Ketones: McMurry Reaction01:22

Alkenes via Reductive Coupling of Aldehydes or Ketones: McMurry Reaction

2.2K
The radical dimerization of ketones or aldehydes gives vicinal diols through a pinacol coupling reaction. However, the behavior of titanium metals used for the reaction as a source of electrons is unusual. When the reaction is carried out in the presence of titanium, diols can be isolated at low temperatures. Else titanium further reacts with diols, forming alkenes through the McMurry reaction.
2.2K
Radical Reactivity: Concentration Effects01:20

Radical Reactivity: Concentration Effects

1.8K
In a radical reaction, the concentration of starting materials governs the selectivity of a radical. For example, the reaction between an alkyl halide and an alkene, in the presence of tin hydride and AIBN, begins with the generation of a tin radical. The generated radical then abstracts halogen from the alkyl halide, producing an alkyl radical. This alkyl radical can either react with tin hydride, yielding an alkane, or add to an alkene, generating a nitrile-stabilized radical, eventually...
1.8K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.1K
Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
3.1K
Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects01:10

Radical Reactivity: Steric Effects

2.4K
The presence of electron-donating, electron-withdrawing, or conjugating groups adjacent to a radical center, imparts electronic stabilization to the radicals. Examples of such electronically-stabilized radicals are triphenylmethyl, tetramethylpiperidine‐N‐oxide, and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl. These radicals are remarkably stable and are known as persistent radicals. Some of the persistent radicals can even be isolated and purified.
Along with electronic...
2.4K
Radical Reactivity: Intramolecular vs Intermolecular01:33

Radical Reactivity: Intramolecular vs Intermolecular

2.1K
Radical reactions can occur either intermolecularly or intramolecularly. In an intermolecular radical reaction, a nucleophilic radical adds to an electrophilic alkene or vice versa. In such reactions, the radical and generally the alkene, which is also called the radical trap, are two different molecules. Additionally, for such intermolecular reactions to occur, the radical trap must be active, present in an excess concentration, and the radical starting material must have a weak...
2.1K
Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride01:26

Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride

2.2K
Radical substitution reactions can be used to remove functional groups from molecules. The hydrogenolysis of alkyl halides is one such reaction, where the weak Sn–H bond in tributyltin hydride reacts with alkyl halides to form alkanes. Here, the reagent Bu3SnH yields tributyltin halide as a byproduct.
The bonds formed in this reaction are stronger than the bonds broken, making it energetically favorable. The reaction follows a radical chain mechanism similar to radical halogenation reactions,...
2.2K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Applying Dynamic Strain on Thin Oxide Films Immobilized on a Pseudoelastic Nickel-Titanium Alloy
09:35

Applying Dynamic Strain on Thin Oxide Films Immobilized on a Pseudoelastic Nickel-Titanium Alloy

Published on: July 28, 2020

5.3K

タイタンのフレームワークにおけるクラスターストレスの反応誘導

Eloy P Gómez-Oliveira1, Vitor Fernandes de Almeida2, Javier Castells-Gil3

  • 1Functional Inorganic Materials Team, Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València, 46980 València, Spain.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 24, 2025
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

カチオンの置換で クラスターストレスの工学を実証します この方法は金属オクソクラスターを予測可能に歪め,光触媒CO2メタネーションなどの用途で酸化還元活性を強化します.

さらに関連する動画

Co-localizing Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy with Other Microscopies and Spectroscopies: Selected Applications in Corrosion Characterization of Alloys
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Co-localizing Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy with Other Microscopies and Spectroscopies: Selected Applications in Corrosion Characterization of Alloys

Published on: June 27, 2022

3.2K
Spark Plasma Sintering Apparatus Used for the Formation of Strontium Titanate Bicrystals
11:17

Spark Plasma Sintering Apparatus Used for the Formation of Strontium Titanate Bicrystals

Published on: February 9, 2017

10.2K

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Applying Dynamic Strain on Thin Oxide Films Immobilized on a Pseudoelastic Nickel-Titanium Alloy
09:35

Applying Dynamic Strain on Thin Oxide Films Immobilized on a Pseudoelastic Nickel-Titanium Alloy

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5.3K
Co-localizing Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy with Other Microscopies and Spectroscopies: Selected Applications in Corrosion Characterization of Alloys
12:18

Co-localizing Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy with Other Microscopies and Spectroscopies: Selected Applications in Corrosion Characterization of Alloys

Published on: June 27, 2022

3.2K
Spark Plasma Sintering Apparatus Used for the Formation of Strontium Titanate Bicrystals
11:17

Spark Plasma Sintering Apparatus Used for the Formation of Strontium Titanate Bicrystals

Published on: February 9, 2017

10.2K

科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • 化学について
  • カタリシス

背景:

  • 分子フレームワークの金属オクソクラスターを歪める戦略は限られている.
  • フレームワークにおける電荷分離と再酸化活動の制御は極めて重要です.

研究 の 目的:

  • タイタンの有機フレームワークにおけるクラスターストレインジニアリングの概念証明を提示する.
  • クラスターの歪みとリドックス特性に対するカチオン置換の効果を調査する.

主な方法:

  • モデルシステムとしてMUV-10 (チタン・オーガニック・フレームワーク) を利用した.
  • ストレスを誘発するために,より大きなアルカリ土カチオン (Sr2+, Ba2+) で Ca2+ を置き換えた.
  • 構造変化と光触媒活性 (CO2メタネーション) を分析した.

主要な成果:

  • Ti2M2クラスタの予測可能な歪みと立方体から四角形への細胞変換を達成しました.
  • 変化したTi-O協調幾何学と強化されたリガンドから金属への電荷移転が観察されました.
  • 光触媒CO2メタネーションによって検証されたTi3+の光生成を促進した.

結論:

  • 分子固体における酸化還元反応性を調節する方法としてクラスターストレインエンジニアリングを確立した.
  • オキシド触媒と網膜化学をクラスターストレインで結合した.
  • 網状のフレームワークのストレスを合理化するためにゴールドシュミット耐性因子を再利用しました.