基礎科学と病態生理
Roberto A Guzman-Hernandez1, Silvia Fossati2
1Temple University, Phialdelphia, PA, USA.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
まとめ
凝集タウはRAGEを活性化しAGEを産生することで脳内皮細胞に損傷を与え、バリア機能障害を引き起こす。これらの経路を標的とすることで神経血管障害から保護できる可能性がある。
科学分野:
- 神経科学; 血管生物学; 細胞生物学
背景:
- 凝集タウタンパク質は脳全体に広がり、脳血管および神経血管単位の機能障害を引き起こす可能性がある。タウが内皮細胞(EC)に影響を与えるメカニズムはよく理解されていないが、神経変性における初期の血管変化を理解する上で重要である。原線維状タウはECにおける炎症および代謝変化を誘発し、バリア機能を損なう。
研究 の 目的:
- タウが介在する内皮細胞(EC)機能障害における、終末糖化産物受容体(RAGE)および終末糖化産物(AGE)の役割を調査すること。RAGEまたはAGE産生を阻害することでタウが介在する内皮バリアへの損傷を予防できるかどうかを判断すること。
主な方法:
- ヒト脳微小血管内皮細胞を原線維状タウに曝露し、RAGE阻害剤またはAGEスカベンジャーで処理した。RAGEの直接的な役割を評価するためにRAGEノックアウトECを使用した。測定には、バリア完全性に対する経内皮電気抵抗(TEER)、炎症に対するサイトカイン産生、およびECの生体エネルギーが含まれた。VCAM-1、RAGE、およびタウのタンパク質レベルを検出するためにウェスタンブロッティングを使用した。
主要な成果:
- 原線維状タウはTEERを低下させ、解糖系を亢進させ、炎症性のEC表現型をもたらしたが、これは代謝調節によって逆転した。RAGE阻害はECへのタウの侵入を減少させ、炎症を逆転させ、バリア機能障害および代謝変化を予防した。タウを介したAGE産生の阻害もバリア喪失および解糖系の亢進を予防した。RAGE欠損はECをバリアおよび代謝障害から保護した。
結論:
- 線維状タウはRAGEシグナル伝達を活性化し、ECバリア機能障害および炎症を引き起こす。タウを介したAGE産生は、RAGE活性化および代謝異常を持続させる中間体として作用する。これらの発見は、タウが介在するEC機能障害のメカニズムを解明し、RAGEおよびAGEを潜在的な治療標的として強調するものである。
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