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臨床症状

Gabriela Dos Santos1, Thais Bento Lima-Silva1,2, Tiago Nascimento Ordonez1

  • 1Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

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まとめ

高齢者の主観的認知低下（SCD）は、抑うつおよび不安症状と関連している。早期のメンタルヘルス介入は、SCDを経験する人々、特に開発途上国において重要である可能性がある。

キーワード:
主観的認知低下高齢者気分障害メンタルヘルス介入開発途上国

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科学分野:

  • 老年医学
  • 神経科学
  • 精神医学

背景:

  • 開発途上国における認知低下および認知症の症例増加は、重大な懸念事項である。
  • 主観的認知低下（SCD）は、軽度認知障害の前駆段階を表す可能性がある。
  • 開発途上国におけるSCDの有病率と標準化された評価に関する研究は限られている。

研究 の 目的:

  • 高齢者における主観的認知低下（SCD）、認知パフォーマンス、および気分変数との関係を調査する。
  • 気分障害と自己認識された認知低下との潜在的な関連を探る。
  • 地域在住の高齢者集団における認知機能と気分症状を評価する。

主な方法:

  • 207人の高齢者を対象に、SCDの認知機能評価尺度（CFI）を用いて評価した。
  • 認知パフォーマンスは、Addenbrooke´s Cognitive Examination- Revised（ACE-R）を用いて評価した。
  • 抑うつおよび不安症状は、老年期抑うつ尺度-15（GDS15）および抑うつ、不安、ストレス尺度（DASS-21）を用いて測定した。

主要な成果:

  • SCDを有する参加者は、SCDを有しない参加者と比較して、DASS-21およびGDS15のスコアが高かった。
  • ロジスティック回帰分析により、GDS15スコアが高いほどSCD群に属するオッズが高いことが有意に関連していることが明らかになった。
  • ACE-Rにおける認知パフォーマンスは同様であったが、視空間サブスケールおよび退職状況に違いが見られた。

結論:

  • 高齢者における主観的認知低下には、抑うつおよび不安症状が関連しているようである。
  • これらの所見は、SCDを経験している個人に対するメンタルヘルス介入の潜在的な重要性を強調する。
  • 前駆認知低下における気分の役割を理解するためには、さらなる研究が必要である。