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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
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Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
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Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
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臨床症状

Taiane Santos Garcia1, Sheyla Velasques Paladini1, João Pedro Ferrari-Souza2

  • 1Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

糖尿病を有する高齢者が使用する潜在的に不適切な医薬品（PIM）は、認知機能およびアルツハイマー病（AD）のバイオマーカーに影響を与える可能性があります。これは、誤診を回避し、患者の安全を確保するために、慎重な処方が必要であることを強調しています。

キーワード:
糖尿病高齢者潜在的に不適切な医薬品認知機能アルツハイマー病バイオマーカー処方誤診安全性

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科学分野:

  • 神経科学; 老年医学; 薬理学

背景:

  • アルツハイマー病神経画像イニシアチブ（ADNI）データは、アルツハイマー病（AD）の臨床試験を改善するために使用されます。糖尿病患者は、認知およびADバイオマーカーに影響を与える可能性のある潜在的に不適切な医薬品（PIM）を使用することがよくあります。糖尿病患者におけるPIMの使用は、ADの診断を混乱させる可能性があります。

研究 の 目的:

  • 糖尿病患者におけるPIM使用と認知変化との関連を調査する。ADと誤解される可能性のあるバイオマーカーとPIM使用との関連を調べる。

主な方法:

  • ADNIデータを使用し、薬剤歴、糖尿病の有無、認知能力、およびバイオマーカー（PET/MRI、ベータアミロイド、タウ）を含めました。糖尿病を有する高齢者に対するBeers基準を使用してPIMを特定しました。AD診断の有無にかかわらず、ADNIデータベースからの個人のデータを分析しました。

主要な成果:

  • 研究には411人の参加者（糖尿病310人）が含まれ、96人がPIM使用者と特定されました。一般的なPIMには、スルホニル尿素および短時間作用型または超速効型インスリンが含まれていました。これらの薬剤は低血糖を引き起こし、高齢者の混乱、興奮、および認知変化につながる可能性があります。

結論:

  • PIMは糖尿病を有する高齢者によって一般的に使用されており、認知転帰およびADバイオマーカーに影響を与える可能性があります。この脆弱な集団にとって、合理的な処方が重要です。この研究は、鑑別診断に役立ち、糖尿病を有する高齢者におけるより安全な薬物療法を促進します。