臨床症状
Melina Stark1,2, Elizabeth Kuhn2, Michael Wagner1,2
1Department for Old Age Psychiatry and Cognitive Disorders, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
|December 25, 2025
まとめ
主観的認知低下(SCD)および軽微な神経心理学的欠損(MNPD)はアルツハイマー病リスクを予測します。SCDとMNPDを組み合わせることで、最もリスクの高い個人を特定し、早期ADの臨床試験募集を最適化します。
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 臨床神経学
- 生物統計学
背景:
- 早期アルツハイマー病(AD)臨床試験では、ハイリスク個人の募集が不可欠である。
- 主観的認知低下(SCD)および軽微な神経心理学的欠損(MNPD)は、認知低下リスクの増加を示す。
- SCDとMNPDの複合予後価値については、さらなる調査が必要である。
研究 の 目的:
- 認知低下およびAD病理の予測におけるSCDとMNPDの複合予後価値を調査する。
- 臨床試験参加者のリスク層別化におけるSCDとMNPDの有用性を評価する。
- SCDとMNPDの組み合わせが必要な臨床試験サンプルサイズに与える影響を決定する。
主な方法:
- 認知機能が正常な個人3つの大規模コホート(N=13,192)のプールデータを使用。
- MNPDを中央値神経心理学的検査成績z≤-0.5と定義。
- 共変量を調整して、MCI、認知症、およびバイオマーカー陽性に対するSCD/MNPDの関連を評価するためにCoxおよびロジスティック回帰を使用した。
主要な成果:
- SCD+/MNPD+の個人はMCI(HR=6.23)および認知症への進行リスクが最も高かった。
- SCD+/MNPD+およびSCD+/MNPD-群はアミロイド陽性リスクの増加を示した。
- SCD+/MNPD+の個人はタウ陽性リスクの増加を示した(OR=2.10)。
- SCD+/MNPD+の個人に焦点を当てることで、臨床試験のサンプルサイズを約3分の2に縮小できる可能性がある。
結論:
- SCDとMNPDは、前臨床ADにおいて補完的な予後価値を有する。
- SCDとMNPDの両方(SCD+/MNPD+)を有する個人は、AD病理および認知低下のリスクが特に高い。
- 前臨床ADにおける臨床試験募集の最適化のために、SCDおよびMNPD評価の組み込みを推奨する。
関連する概念動画
Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations
516
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
516
Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations
295
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
295
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis
358
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
358
Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations
430
Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
430
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management
647
Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a persistent medical condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Its clinical manifestations can vary greatly, making diagnosis and management challenging for healthcare professionals. The following is a comprehensive overview of the clinical manifestations, assessment, and management strategies for GERD.
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
647
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
433
Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
433


