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臨床症状

Sara Becker1,2, Baeleigh VanderZwaag3,4, Hawra Al-Khaz'Alya1,2

  • 1University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.

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まとめ

本研究では、小児期の注意欠陥・多動性障害（ADHD）の症状がパーキンソン病（PD）の高齢者でより一般的である、またはADHDがレビー小体病（LBD）と関連しているという証拠は見つからなかった。ADHDはLBDの早期段階またはリスクファクターとは示唆されていない。

キーワード:
注意欠陥・多動性障害レビー小体病パーキンソン病高齢者神経科学精神医学神経内科

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科学分野:

  • 神経科学
  • 神経内科
  • 精神医学

背景:

  • 成人期の注意欠陥・多動性障害（ADHD）と、その後の人生におけるレビー小体病（LBD）との関連を示唆する研究が増えている。
  • LBDの個人は、人生の早い段階でADHDの症状を報告することが多く、この関連性のさらなる調査を促している。

研究 の 目的:

  • パーキンソン病（PD）と診断された高齢者における小児期ADHD症状の有病率を調査すること。
  • ADHDの高齢者におけるLBDの早期マーカーを評価すること。
  • ADHDがLBDの早期指標またはリスクファクターであるかどうかを判断すること。

主な方法:

  • アルバータ州カルガリーから、ADHD、PD、対照群を含む成人参加者（40歳以上）を募集した。
  • 標準化された評価には、認知テスト、ADHD症状スケール（小児期症状）、抑うつ尺度、自律神経機能障害、レム睡眠行動障害（RBD）質問票、および嗅覚同定テストが含まれた。
  • 群間差は、クラスカル・ウォリスH検定またはカイ二乗検定を用いて分析された。

主要な成果:

  • ADHD群は、PD群および対照群と比較して、小児期の不注意および多動・衝動症状を有意に多く報告した。
  • PD群は、ADHD群および対照群と比較して、自律神経機能障害（唾液分泌、便秘）の有病率が高く、嗅覚機能が悪かった。
  • レム睡眠行動障害（RBD）の疑いのある症例は、ADHD群（22.9％）および対照群（12.5％）と比較して、PD群（53.1％）でより一般的であった。

結論:

  • 本研究では、PD患者における小児期ADHD症状の有病率の増加は見られなかった。
  • ADHDがLBDの早期段階またはリスクファクターであることを示唆する証拠はない。
  • 本研究の結果は、ADHDとLBDの間の病態生理学的関連を支持しない。