小児患者の死亡と看護師の燃え尽き症候群との関連:単一施設、点有病率調査
Soichiro Tanimura1, Kana Yamashita2, Sarina Akiba2
1Division of Critical Care Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Japan.
Journal of pediatric nursing
|December 25, 2025
まとめ
看護師が経験する小児患者の死亡数は、感情的消耗に大きく影響します。この発見は、小児ケア現場における看護師の燃え尽き症候群の一因となる重要な要因を浮き彫りにしています。
科学分野:
- 看護学
- 心理学
- ヘルスケアマネジメント
背景:
- 看護師の燃え尽き症候群は、看護師の離職率の高さに関連する重大な問題です。
- 燃え尽き症候群の危険因子は数多く知られていますが、小児患者の死亡が看護師に及ぼす特定の影響は十分に研究されていません。
研究 の 目的:
- 小児患者の死亡数が看護師の燃え尽き症候群のスコアに及ぼす影響を調査すること。
- 小児患者の死亡への曝露と看護師の感情的消耗との関係を理解すること。
主な方法:
- 2023年に日本の三次小児病院で単一施設、点有病率調査を実施しました。
- 132人の看護師が、マスラック・バーンアウト・インベントリ-ヒューマンサービス調査(MBI-HSS)を使用して燃え尽き症候群を評価し、人口統計学的データ、残業時間、および過去1年間に経験した小児患者の死亡数を報告するオンラインアンケートに回答しました。
主要な成果:
- 小児集中治療室(PICU)の看護師は、一般病棟の看護師と比較して、感情的消耗のスコアが高く、燃え尽き症候群の傾向が高い有病率を報告しました。多重回帰分析により、感情的消耗のスコアが高いことと、看護師が経験した小児患者の死亡数との間に有意な関連があることが明らかになりました(β = 2.4、p = 0.001)。
結論:
- 過去1年間に看護師が経験した小児患者の死亡数は、感情的消耗に寄与する重要な要因です。
- これらの発見は、小児患者の死亡が看護スタッフに与える心理的負担を強調し、看護師の燃え尽き症候群を軽減するための介入の重要な領域を浮き彫りにしています。
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